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Pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development
BACKGROUND: As opioid use disorder (OUD) incidence and its associated deaths continue to persist at elevated rates, the development of novel treatment modalities is warranted. Recent strides in this therapeutic area include novel anti-opioid vaccine approaches. This work compares logistical and ethi...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7992836/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33766021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12910-021-00599-2 |
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author | Wartenweiler, Vincent Chung, Grace Stewart, Amy Wenthur, Cody |
author_facet | Wartenweiler, Vincent Chung, Grace Stewart, Amy Wenthur, Cody |
author_sort | Wartenweiler, Vincent |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: As opioid use disorder (OUD) incidence and its associated deaths continue to persist at elevated rates, the development of novel treatment modalities is warranted. Recent strides in this therapeutic area include novel anti-opioid vaccine approaches. This work compares logistical and ethical considerations surrounding currently available interventions for opioid use disorder with an anti-opioid vaccine approach. METHODS: The opinions of student pharmacists and practicing pharmacists assessing knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward current and future OUD management strategies were characterized using a staged, multi-modal research approach incorporating a focus group, pilot survey development and refinement, and final survey deployment. Survey responses were assessed using one- and two-way parametric and non-parametric analyses where appropriate, and multi-dimensional matrix profiles were compared using z-tests following an exhaustive combinatorial sum of differences calculation between items within each compared matrix. RESULTS: Focus group content analysis revealed a high level of agreeableness among participants regarding anti-opioid vaccine technology and a sense of shared ownership regarding solutions to the opioid epidemic at large. Pilot survey results demonstrated subject ability to consider both pragmatic and ethical considerations related to current therapeutics and novel interventions in a single instrument, with high endurance amongst engaged subjects. Access inequality was the most concerning ethical consideration identified for anti-opioid vaccines. Support for anti-opioid vaccine implementation across various clinical scenarios was strongest for voluntary use amongst individuals in recovery, and lowest for mandatory use in at-risk individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Ethical and logistical concerns surrounding anti-opioid vaccines were largely similar to those for current OUD therapeutics overall. Anti-opioid vaccines were endorsed as helpful potential additions to current OUD therapeutic approaches, particularly for voluntary use in the later stages of clinical progression. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12910-021-00599-2. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7992836 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79928362021-03-25 Pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development Wartenweiler, Vincent Chung, Grace Stewart, Amy Wenthur, Cody BMC Med Ethics Research Article BACKGROUND: As opioid use disorder (OUD) incidence and its associated deaths continue to persist at elevated rates, the development of novel treatment modalities is warranted. Recent strides in this therapeutic area include novel anti-opioid vaccine approaches. This work compares logistical and ethical considerations surrounding currently available interventions for opioid use disorder with an anti-opioid vaccine approach. METHODS: The opinions of student pharmacists and practicing pharmacists assessing knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward current and future OUD management strategies were characterized using a staged, multi-modal research approach incorporating a focus group, pilot survey development and refinement, and final survey deployment. Survey responses were assessed using one- and two-way parametric and non-parametric analyses where appropriate, and multi-dimensional matrix profiles were compared using z-tests following an exhaustive combinatorial sum of differences calculation between items within each compared matrix. RESULTS: Focus group content analysis revealed a high level of agreeableness among participants regarding anti-opioid vaccine technology and a sense of shared ownership regarding solutions to the opioid epidemic at large. Pilot survey results demonstrated subject ability to consider both pragmatic and ethical considerations related to current therapeutics and novel interventions in a single instrument, with high endurance amongst engaged subjects. Access inequality was the most concerning ethical consideration identified for anti-opioid vaccines. Support for anti-opioid vaccine implementation across various clinical scenarios was strongest for voluntary use amongst individuals in recovery, and lowest for mandatory use in at-risk individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Ethical and logistical concerns surrounding anti-opioid vaccines were largely similar to those for current OUD therapeutics overall. Anti-opioid vaccines were endorsed as helpful potential additions to current OUD therapeutic approaches, particularly for voluntary use in the later stages of clinical progression. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12910-021-00599-2. BioMed Central 2021-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7992836/ /pubmed/33766021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12910-021-00599-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wartenweiler, Vincent Chung, Grace Stewart, Amy Wenthur, Cody Pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development |
title | Pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development |
title_full | Pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development |
title_fullStr | Pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development |
title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development |
title_short | Pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development |
title_sort | pharmacy stakeholder reports on ethical and logistical considerations in anti-opioid vaccine development |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7992836/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33766021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12910-021-00599-2 |
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