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Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea Treatment in Combination with Low-dose Chemotherapy in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Myelodysplasia-related Changes
Green tea (GT) treatment was evaluated for its effect on the immune and antineoplastic response of elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) who are ineligible for aggressive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplants. The eligible patients enrolled in the s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SAGE Publications
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7995304/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33754891 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15347354211002647 |
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author | Calgarotto, Andrana K. Longhini, Ana L. Pericole de Souza, Fernando V. Duarte, Adriana S. Santos Ferro, Karla P. Santos, Irene Maso, Victor Olalla Saad, Sara T. Torello, Cristiane Okuda |
author_facet | Calgarotto, Andrana K. Longhini, Ana L. Pericole de Souza, Fernando V. Duarte, Adriana S. Santos Ferro, Karla P. Santos, Irene Maso, Victor Olalla Saad, Sara T. Torello, Cristiane Okuda |
author_sort | Calgarotto, Andrana K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Green tea (GT) treatment was evaluated for its effect on the immune and antineoplastic response of elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) who are ineligible for aggressive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplants. The eligible patients enrolled in the study (n = 10) received oral doses of GT extract (1000 mg/day) alone or combined with low-dose cytarabine chemotherapy for at least 6 months and/or until progression. Bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) were evaluated monthly. Median survival was increased as compared to the control cohort, though not statistically different. Interestingly, improvements in the immunological profile of patients were found. After 30 days, an activated and cytotoxic phenotype was detected: GT increased total and naïve/effector CD8(+) T cells, perforin(+)/granzyme B(+) natural killer cells, monocytes, and classical monocytes with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A reduction in the immunosuppressive profile was also observed: GT reduced TGF-β and IL-4 expression, and decreased regulatory T cell and CXCR4(+) regulatory T cell frequencies. ROS levels and CXCR4 expression were reduced in bone marrow CD34(+) cells, as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NRF2) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression in biopsies. Immune modulation induced by GT appears to occur, regardless of tumor burden, as soon as 30 days after intake and is maintained for up to 180 days, even in the presence of low-dose chemotherapy. This pilot study highlights that GT extracts are safe and could improve the immune system of elderly AML-MRC patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7995304 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79953042021-04-02 Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea Treatment in Combination with Low-dose Chemotherapy in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Myelodysplasia-related Changes Calgarotto, Andrana K. Longhini, Ana L. Pericole de Souza, Fernando V. Duarte, Adriana S. Santos Ferro, Karla P. Santos, Irene Maso, Victor Olalla Saad, Sara T. Torello, Cristiane Okuda Integr Cancer Ther Research Article Green tea (GT) treatment was evaluated for its effect on the immune and antineoplastic response of elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) who are ineligible for aggressive chemotherapy and bone marrow transplants. The eligible patients enrolled in the study (n = 10) received oral doses of GT extract (1000 mg/day) alone or combined with low-dose cytarabine chemotherapy for at least 6 months and/or until progression. Bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) were evaluated monthly. Median survival was increased as compared to the control cohort, though not statistically different. Interestingly, improvements in the immunological profile of patients were found. After 30 days, an activated and cytotoxic phenotype was detected: GT increased total and naïve/effector CD8(+) T cells, perforin(+)/granzyme B(+) natural killer cells, monocytes, and classical monocytes with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. A reduction in the immunosuppressive profile was also observed: GT reduced TGF-β and IL-4 expression, and decreased regulatory T cell and CXCR4(+) regulatory T cell frequencies. ROS levels and CXCR4 expression were reduced in bone marrow CD34(+) cells, as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NRF2) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression in biopsies. Immune modulation induced by GT appears to occur, regardless of tumor burden, as soon as 30 days after intake and is maintained for up to 180 days, even in the presence of low-dose chemotherapy. This pilot study highlights that GT extracts are safe and could improve the immune system of elderly AML-MRC patients. SAGE Publications 2021-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7995304/ /pubmed/33754891 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15347354211002647 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Calgarotto, Andrana K. Longhini, Ana L. Pericole de Souza, Fernando V. Duarte, Adriana S. Santos Ferro, Karla P. Santos, Irene Maso, Victor Olalla Saad, Sara T. Torello, Cristiane Okuda Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea Treatment in Combination with Low-dose Chemotherapy in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Myelodysplasia-related Changes |
title | Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea Treatment in Combination with Low-dose Chemotherapy in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Myelodysplasia-related Changes |
title_full | Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea Treatment in Combination with Low-dose Chemotherapy in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Myelodysplasia-related Changes |
title_fullStr | Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea Treatment in Combination with Low-dose Chemotherapy in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Myelodysplasia-related Changes |
title_full_unstemmed | Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea Treatment in Combination with Low-dose Chemotherapy in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Myelodysplasia-related Changes |
title_short | Immunomodulatory Effect of Green Tea Treatment in Combination with Low-dose Chemotherapy in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Myelodysplasia-related Changes |
title_sort | immunomodulatory effect of green tea treatment in combination with low-dose chemotherapy in elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients with myelodysplasia-related changes |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7995304/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33754891 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15347354211002647 |
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