Cargando…
Overview of Immunological Responses and Immunomodulation Properties of Trichuris sp.: Prospects for Better Understanding Human Trichuriasis
Trichuris sp. infection has appeared as a pathological burden in the population, but the immunomodulation features could result in an opportunity to discover novel treatments for diseases with prominent inflammatory responses. Regarding the immunological aspects, the innate immune responses against...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7997218/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673676 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11030188 |
_version_ | 1783670278192103424 |
---|---|
author | Darlan, Dewi Masyithah Rozi, Muhammad Fakhrur Yulfi, Hemma |
author_facet | Darlan, Dewi Masyithah Rozi, Muhammad Fakhrur Yulfi, Hemma |
author_sort | Darlan, Dewi Masyithah |
collection | PubMed |
description | Trichuris sp. infection has appeared as a pathological burden in the population, but the immunomodulation features could result in an opportunity to discover novel treatments for diseases with prominent inflammatory responses. Regarding the immunological aspects, the innate immune responses against Trichuris sp. are also responsible for determining subsequent immune responses, including the activation of innate lymphoid cell type 2 (ILC2s), and encouraging the immune cell polarization of the resistant host phenotype. Nevertheless, this parasite can establish a supportive niche for worm survival and finally avoid host immune interference. Trichuris sp. could skew antigen recognition and immune cell activation and proliferation through the generation of specific substances, called excretory/secretory (ESPs) and soluble products (SPs), which mainly mediate its immunomodulation properties. Through this review, we elaborate and discuss innate–adaptive immune responses and immunomodulation aspects, as well as the clinical implications for managing inflammatory-based diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, allergic, sepsis, and other autoimmune diseases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7997218 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-79972182021-03-27 Overview of Immunological Responses and Immunomodulation Properties of Trichuris sp.: Prospects for Better Understanding Human Trichuriasis Darlan, Dewi Masyithah Rozi, Muhammad Fakhrur Yulfi, Hemma Life (Basel) Review Trichuris sp. infection has appeared as a pathological burden in the population, but the immunomodulation features could result in an opportunity to discover novel treatments for diseases with prominent inflammatory responses. Regarding the immunological aspects, the innate immune responses against Trichuris sp. are also responsible for determining subsequent immune responses, including the activation of innate lymphoid cell type 2 (ILC2s), and encouraging the immune cell polarization of the resistant host phenotype. Nevertheless, this parasite can establish a supportive niche for worm survival and finally avoid host immune interference. Trichuris sp. could skew antigen recognition and immune cell activation and proliferation through the generation of specific substances, called excretory/secretory (ESPs) and soluble products (SPs), which mainly mediate its immunomodulation properties. Through this review, we elaborate and discuss innate–adaptive immune responses and immunomodulation aspects, as well as the clinical implications for managing inflammatory-based diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, allergic, sepsis, and other autoimmune diseases. MDPI 2021-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7997218/ /pubmed/33673676 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11030188 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ). |
spellingShingle | Review Darlan, Dewi Masyithah Rozi, Muhammad Fakhrur Yulfi, Hemma Overview of Immunological Responses and Immunomodulation Properties of Trichuris sp.: Prospects for Better Understanding Human Trichuriasis |
title | Overview of Immunological Responses and Immunomodulation Properties of Trichuris sp.: Prospects for Better Understanding Human Trichuriasis |
title_full | Overview of Immunological Responses and Immunomodulation Properties of Trichuris sp.: Prospects for Better Understanding Human Trichuriasis |
title_fullStr | Overview of Immunological Responses and Immunomodulation Properties of Trichuris sp.: Prospects for Better Understanding Human Trichuriasis |
title_full_unstemmed | Overview of Immunological Responses and Immunomodulation Properties of Trichuris sp.: Prospects for Better Understanding Human Trichuriasis |
title_short | Overview of Immunological Responses and Immunomodulation Properties of Trichuris sp.: Prospects for Better Understanding Human Trichuriasis |
title_sort | overview of immunological responses and immunomodulation properties of trichuris sp.: prospects for better understanding human trichuriasis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7997218/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673676 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11030188 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT darlandewimasyithah overviewofimmunologicalresponsesandimmunomodulationpropertiesoftrichurisspprospectsforbetterunderstandinghumantrichuriasis AT rozimuhammadfakhrur overviewofimmunologicalresponsesandimmunomodulationpropertiesoftrichurisspprospectsforbetterunderstandinghumantrichuriasis AT yulfihemma overviewofimmunologicalresponsesandimmunomodulationpropertiesoftrichurisspprospectsforbetterunderstandinghumantrichuriasis |