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Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain

Complementary feeding (CF) is an important determinant of early and later life nutrition with great implications for the health status and the development of an adequate growth. Parents can choose between homemade foods (HMFs) and/or commercial infant foods (CIFs). There is no consistent evidence as...

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Autores principales: Bernal, Maria Jose, Roman, Sergio, Klerks, Michelle, Haro-Vicente, Juan Francisco, Sanchez-Siles, Luis Manuel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7997232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673542
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030777
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author Bernal, Maria Jose
Roman, Sergio
Klerks, Michelle
Haro-Vicente, Juan Francisco
Sanchez-Siles, Luis Manuel
author_facet Bernal, Maria Jose
Roman, Sergio
Klerks, Michelle
Haro-Vicente, Juan Francisco
Sanchez-Siles, Luis Manuel
author_sort Bernal, Maria Jose
collection PubMed
description Complementary feeding (CF) is an important determinant of early and later life nutrition with great implications for the health status and the development of an adequate growth. Parents can choose between homemade foods (HMFs) and/or commercial infant foods (CIFs). There is no consistent evidence as to whether HMFs provide a better nutritional profile and variety over CIFs. The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional profiles and food variety of HMFs versus CIFs in the Spanish market targeted for infants (6–11 months) and young children (12–18 months). Thirty mothers with their children aged 6 to 18 months were included in this cross-sectional study, following a 3-day weighed food diary of which HMFs were collected and chemically analyzed. HMFs meals for infant provided significantly lower energy, higher protein and higher fiber, for young children provided significantly higher protein and fiber than CIFs meals. HMFs fruit purees for infant shown significantly higher fiber and for young children provided higher energy than CIFs. HMFs meals contained a significantly greater number of different vegetables than CIFs meals (3.7 vs. 3.3), with carrot as the most frequently used in both. However, in CIFs fruit purees shown higher different fruits than HMFs, in both the banana was the fruit most frequently used. There was a predominance of meat and lack of oily fish and legumes in both HMFs and CIFs meals. HMFs and CIFs were equally characterized by a soft texture and yellow-orange colours. Importantly, our findings emphasize the need for clear guidelines for the preparation of HMFs as well as the promotion of food variety (taste and textures) in both HMFs and CIFs to suit infants’ and young children’s nutritional and developmental needs.
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spelling pubmed-79972322021-03-27 Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain Bernal, Maria Jose Roman, Sergio Klerks, Michelle Haro-Vicente, Juan Francisco Sanchez-Siles, Luis Manuel Nutrients Article Complementary feeding (CF) is an important determinant of early and later life nutrition with great implications for the health status and the development of an adequate growth. Parents can choose between homemade foods (HMFs) and/or commercial infant foods (CIFs). There is no consistent evidence as to whether HMFs provide a better nutritional profile and variety over CIFs. The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional profiles and food variety of HMFs versus CIFs in the Spanish market targeted for infants (6–11 months) and young children (12–18 months). Thirty mothers with their children aged 6 to 18 months were included in this cross-sectional study, following a 3-day weighed food diary of which HMFs were collected and chemically analyzed. HMFs meals for infant provided significantly lower energy, higher protein and higher fiber, for young children provided significantly higher protein and fiber than CIFs meals. HMFs fruit purees for infant shown significantly higher fiber and for young children provided higher energy than CIFs. HMFs meals contained a significantly greater number of different vegetables than CIFs meals (3.7 vs. 3.3), with carrot as the most frequently used in both. However, in CIFs fruit purees shown higher different fruits than HMFs, in both the banana was the fruit most frequently used. There was a predominance of meat and lack of oily fish and legumes in both HMFs and CIFs meals. HMFs and CIFs were equally characterized by a soft texture and yellow-orange colours. Importantly, our findings emphasize the need for clear guidelines for the preparation of HMFs as well as the promotion of food variety (taste and textures) in both HMFs and CIFs to suit infants’ and young children’s nutritional and developmental needs. MDPI 2021-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7997232/ /pubmed/33673542 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030777 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Bernal, Maria Jose
Roman, Sergio
Klerks, Michelle
Haro-Vicente, Juan Francisco
Sanchez-Siles, Luis Manuel
Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain
title Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain
title_full Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain
title_fullStr Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain
title_full_unstemmed Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain
title_short Are Homemade and Commercial Infant Foods Different? A Nutritional Profile and Food Variety Analysis in Spain
title_sort are homemade and commercial infant foods different? a nutritional profile and food variety analysis in spain
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7997232/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33673542
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030777
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