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Role of Leishmania infantum in Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in Dogs from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Area

The main hypothesis for the aetiology of meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) in dogs is an autoimmune or genetic cause that is associated with a triggering event (environmental factors/infectious agents). The aim of this ambispective cohort study was to test for Leishmania infantum infection...

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Autores principales: Portero, Miriam, Miró, Guadalupe, Checa, Rocío, Martínez de Merlo, Elena, Fragío, Cristina, Benito, Miguel, Sainz, Ángel, Pérez, Carmen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7998340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33802179
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030571
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author Portero, Miriam
Miró, Guadalupe
Checa, Rocío
Martínez de Merlo, Elena
Fragío, Cristina
Benito, Miguel
Sainz, Ángel
Pérez, Carmen
author_facet Portero, Miriam
Miró, Guadalupe
Checa, Rocío
Martínez de Merlo, Elena
Fragío, Cristina
Benito, Miguel
Sainz, Ángel
Pérez, Carmen
author_sort Portero, Miriam
collection PubMed
description The main hypothesis for the aetiology of meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) in dogs is an autoimmune or genetic cause that is associated with a triggering event (environmental factors/infectious agents). The aim of this ambispective cohort study was to test for Leishmania infantum infection in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dogs with MUO in an endemic area of canine leishmaniosis. Dogs with MUO were selected amongst all dogs undergoing blood anti-L. infantum antibody testing (control group). The blood plasma or serum samples from all dogs were analysed for anti- L. infantum antibodies by a quantitative indirect fluorescent assay (IFAT). In dogs with MUO, CSF samples were obtained for analysed by PCR detection of L. infantum DNA. Forty-four percent and 22% of the dogs in the MUO group featured magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and CSF cytology respectively, consistent with L. infantum infection. IFAT, PCR, and histological findings were negative for L. infantum. A significant difference in L. infantum infection prevalence was found between the control and MUO group (p = 0.0022). While it seems unlikely that L. infantum plays a role in the aetiology of MUO, in endemic areas, this pathogen should be included in the differential diagnosis of this neurological disorder.
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spelling pubmed-79983402021-03-28 Role of Leishmania infantum in Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in Dogs from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Area Portero, Miriam Miró, Guadalupe Checa, Rocío Martínez de Merlo, Elena Fragío, Cristina Benito, Miguel Sainz, Ángel Pérez, Carmen Microorganisms Article The main hypothesis for the aetiology of meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) in dogs is an autoimmune or genetic cause that is associated with a triggering event (environmental factors/infectious agents). The aim of this ambispective cohort study was to test for Leishmania infantum infection in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dogs with MUO in an endemic area of canine leishmaniosis. Dogs with MUO were selected amongst all dogs undergoing blood anti-L. infantum antibody testing (control group). The blood plasma or serum samples from all dogs were analysed for anti- L. infantum antibodies by a quantitative indirect fluorescent assay (IFAT). In dogs with MUO, CSF samples were obtained for analysed by PCR detection of L. infantum DNA. Forty-four percent and 22% of the dogs in the MUO group featured magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and CSF cytology respectively, consistent with L. infantum infection. IFAT, PCR, and histological findings were negative for L. infantum. A significant difference in L. infantum infection prevalence was found between the control and MUO group (p = 0.0022). While it seems unlikely that L. infantum plays a role in the aetiology of MUO, in endemic areas, this pathogen should be included in the differential diagnosis of this neurological disorder. MDPI 2021-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7998340/ /pubmed/33802179 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030571 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Portero, Miriam
Miró, Guadalupe
Checa, Rocío
Martínez de Merlo, Elena
Fragío, Cristina
Benito, Miguel
Sainz, Ángel
Pérez, Carmen
Role of Leishmania infantum in Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in Dogs from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Area
title Role of Leishmania infantum in Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in Dogs from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Area
title_full Role of Leishmania infantum in Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in Dogs from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Area
title_fullStr Role of Leishmania infantum in Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in Dogs from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Area
title_full_unstemmed Role of Leishmania infantum in Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in Dogs from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Area
title_short Role of Leishmania infantum in Meningoencephalitis of Unknown Origin in Dogs from a Canine Leishmaniosis Endemic Area
title_sort role of leishmania infantum in meningoencephalitis of unknown origin in dogs from a canine leishmaniosis endemic area
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7998340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33802179
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030571
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