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The Joint Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements in Relation to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease over a 10-Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Study of 69,990 Participants in Australia

It is unknown whether a healthy diet or unhealthy diet combined with specific supplements may jointly contribute to incidence of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We included 69,990 participants from the 45 and Up Study who completed both baseline (2006–2009) and follow-up (2012–2015) survey...

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Autores principales: Xu, Xiaoyue, Shi, Zumin, Liu, Gang, Chang, Dennis, Inglis, Sally C., Hall, John J., Schutte, Aletta E., Byles, Julie E., Parker, Deborah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8001791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33804132
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030944
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author Xu, Xiaoyue
Shi, Zumin
Liu, Gang
Chang, Dennis
Inglis, Sally C.
Hall, John J.
Schutte, Aletta E.
Byles, Julie E.
Parker, Deborah
author_facet Xu, Xiaoyue
Shi, Zumin
Liu, Gang
Chang, Dennis
Inglis, Sally C.
Hall, John J.
Schutte, Aletta E.
Byles, Julie E.
Parker, Deborah
author_sort Xu, Xiaoyue
collection PubMed
description It is unknown whether a healthy diet or unhealthy diet combined with specific supplements may jointly contribute to incidence of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We included 69,990 participants from the 45 and Up Study who completed both baseline (2006–2009) and follow-up (2012–2015) surveys. We found that compared to participants with a long-term healthy diet and no supplement consumption, those with a long-term healthy diet combined with multivitamins and minerals (MVM) or fish oil consumption were associated with a lower incidence of CVD (p < 0.001); whilst those with an unhealthy diet and no MVM or fish oil consumption were associated with a higher risk of obesity (p < 0.05). Compared to participants with a long-term healthy diet and no calcium consumption, the combination of a long-term healthy diet and calcium consumption was linked to a lower risk of CVD (IRR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78; 0.96). In conclusion, a long-term healthy diet combined with MVM or fish oil was associated with a lower incidence of CVD. Participants who maintained a healthy diet and used calcium supplements were associated with a lower incidence of obesity. However, these associations were not found among those with an unhealthy diet, despite taking similar supplements.
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spelling pubmed-80017912021-03-28 The Joint Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements in Relation to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease over a 10-Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Study of 69,990 Participants in Australia Xu, Xiaoyue Shi, Zumin Liu, Gang Chang, Dennis Inglis, Sally C. Hall, John J. Schutte, Aletta E. Byles, Julie E. Parker, Deborah Nutrients Article It is unknown whether a healthy diet or unhealthy diet combined with specific supplements may jointly contribute to incidence of obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We included 69,990 participants from the 45 and Up Study who completed both baseline (2006–2009) and follow-up (2012–2015) surveys. We found that compared to participants with a long-term healthy diet and no supplement consumption, those with a long-term healthy diet combined with multivitamins and minerals (MVM) or fish oil consumption were associated with a lower incidence of CVD (p < 0.001); whilst those with an unhealthy diet and no MVM or fish oil consumption were associated with a higher risk of obesity (p < 0.05). Compared to participants with a long-term healthy diet and no calcium consumption, the combination of a long-term healthy diet and calcium consumption was linked to a lower risk of CVD (IRR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78; 0.96). In conclusion, a long-term healthy diet combined with MVM or fish oil was associated with a lower incidence of CVD. Participants who maintained a healthy diet and used calcium supplements were associated with a lower incidence of obesity. However, these associations were not found among those with an unhealthy diet, despite taking similar supplements. MDPI 2021-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8001791/ /pubmed/33804132 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030944 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Xu, Xiaoyue
Shi, Zumin
Liu, Gang
Chang, Dennis
Inglis, Sally C.
Hall, John J.
Schutte, Aletta E.
Byles, Julie E.
Parker, Deborah
The Joint Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements in Relation to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease over a 10-Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Study of 69,990 Participants in Australia
title The Joint Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements in Relation to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease over a 10-Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Study of 69,990 Participants in Australia
title_full The Joint Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements in Relation to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease over a 10-Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Study of 69,990 Participants in Australia
title_fullStr The Joint Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements in Relation to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease over a 10-Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Study of 69,990 Participants in Australia
title_full_unstemmed The Joint Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements in Relation to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease over a 10-Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Study of 69,990 Participants in Australia
title_short The Joint Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements in Relation to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease over a 10-Year Follow-Up: A Longitudinal Study of 69,990 Participants in Australia
title_sort joint effects of diet and dietary supplements in relation to obesity and cardiovascular disease over a 10-year follow-up: a longitudinal study of 69,990 participants in australia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8001791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33804132
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030944
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