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Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 during an Outbreak in a Roma Community in Thessaly, Greece—Control Measures and Lessons Learned

A COVID-19 outbreak occurred among residents of a Roma settlement in Greece (8 April–4 June 2020). The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with an increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and to evaluate the effectiveness of control me...

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Autores principales: Koureas, Michalis, Speletas, Matthaios, Bogogiannidou, Zacharoula, Babalis, Dimitris, Pinakas, Vassilios, Pinaka, Ourania, Komnos, Apostolos, Tsoutsa, Stella, Papadamou, Georgia, Kyritsi, Maria A., Vontas, Alexandros, Nakoulas, Vasileios, Sapoynas, Spyros, Kanellopoulos, Nikolaos, Kalompatsios, Dimitrios, Papadouli, Vassiliki, Dadouli, Katerina, Soteriades, Soteris, Mina, Paraskevi, Mouchtouri, Varvara A., Anagnostopoulos, Lemonia, Stamoulis, Kostantinos E., Agorastos, Kostantinos, Petinaki, Efthimia A., Prezerakos, Panagiotis, Tsiodras, Sotirios, Hadjichristodoulou, Christos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8002111/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33799791
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062878
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author Koureas, Michalis
Speletas, Matthaios
Bogogiannidou, Zacharoula
Babalis, Dimitris
Pinakas, Vassilios
Pinaka, Ourania
Komnos, Apostolos
Tsoutsa, Stella
Papadamou, Georgia
Kyritsi, Maria A.
Vontas, Alexandros
Nakoulas, Vasileios
Sapoynas, Spyros
Kanellopoulos, Nikolaos
Kalompatsios, Dimitrios
Papadouli, Vassiliki
Dadouli, Katerina
Soteriades, Soteris
Mina, Paraskevi
Mouchtouri, Varvara A.
Anagnostopoulos, Lemonia
Stamoulis, Kostantinos E.
Agorastos, Kostantinos
Petinaki, Efthimia A.
Prezerakos, Panagiotis
Tsiodras, Sotirios
Hadjichristodoulou, Christos
author_facet Koureas, Michalis
Speletas, Matthaios
Bogogiannidou, Zacharoula
Babalis, Dimitris
Pinakas, Vassilios
Pinaka, Ourania
Komnos, Apostolos
Tsoutsa, Stella
Papadamou, Georgia
Kyritsi, Maria A.
Vontas, Alexandros
Nakoulas, Vasileios
Sapoynas, Spyros
Kanellopoulos, Nikolaos
Kalompatsios, Dimitrios
Papadouli, Vassiliki
Dadouli, Katerina
Soteriades, Soteris
Mina, Paraskevi
Mouchtouri, Varvara A.
Anagnostopoulos, Lemonia
Stamoulis, Kostantinos E.
Agorastos, Kostantinos
Petinaki, Efthimia A.
Prezerakos, Panagiotis
Tsiodras, Sotirios
Hadjichristodoulou, Christos
author_sort Koureas, Michalis
collection PubMed
description A COVID-19 outbreak occurred among residents of a Roma settlement in Greece (8 April–4 June 2020). The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with an increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and to evaluate the effectiveness of control measures implemented. Data were analyzed from individuals that were tested for SARS-CoV-2 during contact tracing, population screening or hospital visits. RT-PCR was used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in oropharyngeal samples. Risk factors for household secondary attack rates (SAR) and hospitalization with COVID-19 were examined using chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression analyses. During the outbreak, 142 cases, 20 hospitalizations and 1 death were recorded, with a total of 2273 individuals tested. The risk of hospitalization was associated with age (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.07) and Cycle threshold (Ct) values (OR for a decrease in Ct values by 1: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.07–1.31). Household SAR was estimated at 38.62% (95% CI: 32.50–45.01%). After the designation of an isolation facility for cases, household SAR declined from 74.42% to 31.03%. Household size was associated with the risk of infection (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.00–7.07). The presence of COVID-19 symptoms among index cases was correlated with higher transmission (OR: 23.68, 95% CI 2.21–253.74) in multivariate analysis, while age was found to be associated with SAR only in univariate analysis. Roma communities can be particularly vulnerable to the spread of SARS-CoV-2. In similar settings, symptomatic cases are more important transmitters of SARS-CoV-2. Within these communities, immediate measures should be implemented to mitigate disease spread.
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spelling pubmed-80021112021-03-28 Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 during an Outbreak in a Roma Community in Thessaly, Greece—Control Measures and Lessons Learned Koureas, Michalis Speletas, Matthaios Bogogiannidou, Zacharoula Babalis, Dimitris Pinakas, Vassilios Pinaka, Ourania Komnos, Apostolos Tsoutsa, Stella Papadamou, Georgia Kyritsi, Maria A. Vontas, Alexandros Nakoulas, Vasileios Sapoynas, Spyros Kanellopoulos, Nikolaos Kalompatsios, Dimitrios Papadouli, Vassiliki Dadouli, Katerina Soteriades, Soteris Mina, Paraskevi Mouchtouri, Varvara A. Anagnostopoulos, Lemonia Stamoulis, Kostantinos E. Agorastos, Kostantinos Petinaki, Efthimia A. Prezerakos, Panagiotis Tsiodras, Sotirios Hadjichristodoulou, Christos Int J Environ Res Public Health Article A COVID-19 outbreak occurred among residents of a Roma settlement in Greece (8 April–4 June 2020). The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with an increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and to evaluate the effectiveness of control measures implemented. Data were analyzed from individuals that were tested for SARS-CoV-2 during contact tracing, population screening or hospital visits. RT-PCR was used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in oropharyngeal samples. Risk factors for household secondary attack rates (SAR) and hospitalization with COVID-19 were examined using chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression analyses. During the outbreak, 142 cases, 20 hospitalizations and 1 death were recorded, with a total of 2273 individuals tested. The risk of hospitalization was associated with age (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.07) and Cycle threshold (Ct) values (OR for a decrease in Ct values by 1: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.07–1.31). Household SAR was estimated at 38.62% (95% CI: 32.50–45.01%). After the designation of an isolation facility for cases, household SAR declined from 74.42% to 31.03%. Household size was associated with the risk of infection (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.00–7.07). The presence of COVID-19 symptoms among index cases was correlated with higher transmission (OR: 23.68, 95% CI 2.21–253.74) in multivariate analysis, while age was found to be associated with SAR only in univariate analysis. Roma communities can be particularly vulnerable to the spread of SARS-CoV-2. In similar settings, symptomatic cases are more important transmitters of SARS-CoV-2. Within these communities, immediate measures should be implemented to mitigate disease spread. MDPI 2021-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8002111/ /pubmed/33799791 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062878 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Koureas, Michalis
Speletas, Matthaios
Bogogiannidou, Zacharoula
Babalis, Dimitris
Pinakas, Vassilios
Pinaka, Ourania
Komnos, Apostolos
Tsoutsa, Stella
Papadamou, Georgia
Kyritsi, Maria A.
Vontas, Alexandros
Nakoulas, Vasileios
Sapoynas, Spyros
Kanellopoulos, Nikolaos
Kalompatsios, Dimitrios
Papadouli, Vassiliki
Dadouli, Katerina
Soteriades, Soteris
Mina, Paraskevi
Mouchtouri, Varvara A.
Anagnostopoulos, Lemonia
Stamoulis, Kostantinos E.
Agorastos, Kostantinos
Petinaki, Efthimia A.
Prezerakos, Panagiotis
Tsiodras, Sotirios
Hadjichristodoulou, Christos
Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 during an Outbreak in a Roma Community in Thessaly, Greece—Control Measures and Lessons Learned
title Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 during an Outbreak in a Roma Community in Thessaly, Greece—Control Measures and Lessons Learned
title_full Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 during an Outbreak in a Roma Community in Thessaly, Greece—Control Measures and Lessons Learned
title_fullStr Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 during an Outbreak in a Roma Community in Thessaly, Greece—Control Measures and Lessons Learned
title_full_unstemmed Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 during an Outbreak in a Roma Community in Thessaly, Greece—Control Measures and Lessons Learned
title_short Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 during an Outbreak in a Roma Community in Thessaly, Greece—Control Measures and Lessons Learned
title_sort transmission dynamics of sars-cov-2 during an outbreak in a roma community in thessaly, greece—control measures and lessons learned
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8002111/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33799791
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062878
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