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Effects of Silicon, Chromium, and Copper on Kinetic Parameters of Precipitation during Tempering of Medium Carbon Steels
Understanding the tempering behavior of medium carbon steels is mandatory if their mechanical properties are to be improved. For an optimal technology to be developed for this purpose, a substantial experimental basis is needed to extract quantitative information on the microstructure of the tempere...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8002159/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33809623 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14061445 |
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author | Gokhman, Aleksandr Nový, Zbyšek Salvetr, Pavel Ryukhtin, Vasyl Strunz, Pavel Motyčka, Petr Zmeko, Jan Kotous, Jakub |
author_facet | Gokhman, Aleksandr Nový, Zbyšek Salvetr, Pavel Ryukhtin, Vasyl Strunz, Pavel Motyčka, Petr Zmeko, Jan Kotous, Jakub |
author_sort | Gokhman, Aleksandr |
collection | PubMed |
description | Understanding the tempering behavior of medium carbon steels is mandatory if their mechanical properties are to be improved. For an optimal technology to be developed for this purpose, a substantial experimental basis is needed to extract quantitative information on the microstructure of the tempered material. This paper reports on the characterization of microstructural changes induced by tempering in medium-carbon steels alloyed with Si, Cr, Cu, and Mn using state-of-the-art experimental techniques. Complementarities among these techniques are highlighted. The evolution of transition carbides, cementite, and copper precipitates is described using data from X-ray diffraction, small and ultra-small angle neutron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and dilatometry observation. The effects of silicon, chromium, and copper on the mechanism of carbide and copper precipitation are discussed. The considerable changes found in the size and volume of copper precipitates correlate well with the difference in the yield stress between tempered steels with and without copper. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8002159 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80021592021-03-28 Effects of Silicon, Chromium, and Copper on Kinetic Parameters of Precipitation during Tempering of Medium Carbon Steels Gokhman, Aleksandr Nový, Zbyšek Salvetr, Pavel Ryukhtin, Vasyl Strunz, Pavel Motyčka, Petr Zmeko, Jan Kotous, Jakub Materials (Basel) Article Understanding the tempering behavior of medium carbon steels is mandatory if their mechanical properties are to be improved. For an optimal technology to be developed for this purpose, a substantial experimental basis is needed to extract quantitative information on the microstructure of the tempered material. This paper reports on the characterization of microstructural changes induced by tempering in medium-carbon steels alloyed with Si, Cr, Cu, and Mn using state-of-the-art experimental techniques. Complementarities among these techniques are highlighted. The evolution of transition carbides, cementite, and copper precipitates is described using data from X-ray diffraction, small and ultra-small angle neutron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and dilatometry observation. The effects of silicon, chromium, and copper on the mechanism of carbide and copper precipitation are discussed. The considerable changes found in the size and volume of copper precipitates correlate well with the difference in the yield stress between tempered steels with and without copper. MDPI 2021-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8002159/ /pubmed/33809623 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14061445 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Gokhman, Aleksandr Nový, Zbyšek Salvetr, Pavel Ryukhtin, Vasyl Strunz, Pavel Motyčka, Petr Zmeko, Jan Kotous, Jakub Effects of Silicon, Chromium, and Copper on Kinetic Parameters of Precipitation during Tempering of Medium Carbon Steels |
title | Effects of Silicon, Chromium, and Copper on Kinetic Parameters of Precipitation during Tempering of Medium Carbon Steels |
title_full | Effects of Silicon, Chromium, and Copper on Kinetic Parameters of Precipitation during Tempering of Medium Carbon Steels |
title_fullStr | Effects of Silicon, Chromium, and Copper on Kinetic Parameters of Precipitation during Tempering of Medium Carbon Steels |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Silicon, Chromium, and Copper on Kinetic Parameters of Precipitation during Tempering of Medium Carbon Steels |
title_short | Effects of Silicon, Chromium, and Copper on Kinetic Parameters of Precipitation during Tempering of Medium Carbon Steels |
title_sort | effects of silicon, chromium, and copper on kinetic parameters of precipitation during tempering of medium carbon steels |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8002159/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33809623 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14061445 |
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