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The Destructive Tree Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Originates from the Laurosilva Forests of East Asia

As global plant trade expands, tree disease epidemics caused by pathogen introductions are increasing. Since ca 2000, the introduced oomycete Phytophthora ramorum has caused devastating epidemics in Europe and North America, spreading as four ancient clonal lineages, each of a single mating type, su...

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Autores principales: Jung, Thomas, Horta Jung, Marília, Webber, Joan F., Kageyama, Koji, Hieno, Ayaka, Masuya, Hayato, Uematsu, Seiji, Pérez-Sierra, Ana, Harris, Anna R., Forster, Jack, Rees, Helen, Scanu, Bruno, Patra, Sneha, Kudláček, Tomáš, Janoušek, Josef, Corcobado, Tamara, Milenković, Ivan, Nagy, Zoltán, Csorba, Ildikó, Bakonyi, József, Brasier, Clive M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8003361/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33803849
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7030226
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author Jung, Thomas
Horta Jung, Marília
Webber, Joan F.
Kageyama, Koji
Hieno, Ayaka
Masuya, Hayato
Uematsu, Seiji
Pérez-Sierra, Ana
Harris, Anna R.
Forster, Jack
Rees, Helen
Scanu, Bruno
Patra, Sneha
Kudláček, Tomáš
Janoušek, Josef
Corcobado, Tamara
Milenković, Ivan
Nagy, Zoltán
Csorba, Ildikó
Bakonyi, József
Brasier, Clive M.
author_facet Jung, Thomas
Horta Jung, Marília
Webber, Joan F.
Kageyama, Koji
Hieno, Ayaka
Masuya, Hayato
Uematsu, Seiji
Pérez-Sierra, Ana
Harris, Anna R.
Forster, Jack
Rees, Helen
Scanu, Bruno
Patra, Sneha
Kudláček, Tomáš
Janoušek, Josef
Corcobado, Tamara
Milenković, Ivan
Nagy, Zoltán
Csorba, Ildikó
Bakonyi, József
Brasier, Clive M.
author_sort Jung, Thomas
collection PubMed
description As global plant trade expands, tree disease epidemics caused by pathogen introductions are increasing. Since ca 2000, the introduced oomycete Phytophthora ramorum has caused devastating epidemics in Europe and North America, spreading as four ancient clonal lineages, each of a single mating type, suggesting different geographical origins. We surveyed laurosilva forests for P. ramorum around Fansipan mountain on the Vietnam-China border and on Shikoku and Kyushu islands, southwest Japan. The surveys yielded 71 P. ramorum isolates which we assigned to eight new lineages, IC1 to IC5 from Vietnam and NP1 to NP3 from Japan, based on differences in colony characteristics, gene x environment responses and multigene phylogeny. Molecular phylogenetic trees and networks revealed the eight Asian lineages were dispersed across the topology of the introduced European and North American lineages. The deepest node within P. ramorum, the divergence of lineages NP1 and NP2, was estimated at 0.5 to 1.6 Myr. The Asian lineages were each of a single mating type, and at some locations, lineages of “opposite” mating type were present, suggesting opportunities for inter-lineage recombination. Based on the high level of phenotypic and phylogenetic diversity in the sample populations, the coalescence results and the absence of overt host symptoms, we conclude that P. ramorum comprises many anciently divergent lineages native to the laurosilva forests between eastern Indochina and Japan.
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spelling pubmed-80033612021-03-28 The Destructive Tree Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Originates from the Laurosilva Forests of East Asia Jung, Thomas Horta Jung, Marília Webber, Joan F. Kageyama, Koji Hieno, Ayaka Masuya, Hayato Uematsu, Seiji Pérez-Sierra, Ana Harris, Anna R. Forster, Jack Rees, Helen Scanu, Bruno Patra, Sneha Kudláček, Tomáš Janoušek, Josef Corcobado, Tamara Milenković, Ivan Nagy, Zoltán Csorba, Ildikó Bakonyi, József Brasier, Clive M. J Fungi (Basel) Article As global plant trade expands, tree disease epidemics caused by pathogen introductions are increasing. Since ca 2000, the introduced oomycete Phytophthora ramorum has caused devastating epidemics in Europe and North America, spreading as four ancient clonal lineages, each of a single mating type, suggesting different geographical origins. We surveyed laurosilva forests for P. ramorum around Fansipan mountain on the Vietnam-China border and on Shikoku and Kyushu islands, southwest Japan. The surveys yielded 71 P. ramorum isolates which we assigned to eight new lineages, IC1 to IC5 from Vietnam and NP1 to NP3 from Japan, based on differences in colony characteristics, gene x environment responses and multigene phylogeny. Molecular phylogenetic trees and networks revealed the eight Asian lineages were dispersed across the topology of the introduced European and North American lineages. The deepest node within P. ramorum, the divergence of lineages NP1 and NP2, was estimated at 0.5 to 1.6 Myr. The Asian lineages were each of a single mating type, and at some locations, lineages of “opposite” mating type were present, suggesting opportunities for inter-lineage recombination. Based on the high level of phenotypic and phylogenetic diversity in the sample populations, the coalescence results and the absence of overt host symptoms, we conclude that P. ramorum comprises many anciently divergent lineages native to the laurosilva forests between eastern Indochina and Japan. MDPI 2021-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8003361/ /pubmed/33803849 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7030226 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Jung, Thomas
Horta Jung, Marília
Webber, Joan F.
Kageyama, Koji
Hieno, Ayaka
Masuya, Hayato
Uematsu, Seiji
Pérez-Sierra, Ana
Harris, Anna R.
Forster, Jack
Rees, Helen
Scanu, Bruno
Patra, Sneha
Kudláček, Tomáš
Janoušek, Josef
Corcobado, Tamara
Milenković, Ivan
Nagy, Zoltán
Csorba, Ildikó
Bakonyi, József
Brasier, Clive M.
The Destructive Tree Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Originates from the Laurosilva Forests of East Asia
title The Destructive Tree Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Originates from the Laurosilva Forests of East Asia
title_full The Destructive Tree Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Originates from the Laurosilva Forests of East Asia
title_fullStr The Destructive Tree Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Originates from the Laurosilva Forests of East Asia
title_full_unstemmed The Destructive Tree Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Originates from the Laurosilva Forests of East Asia
title_short The Destructive Tree Pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Originates from the Laurosilva Forests of East Asia
title_sort destructive tree pathogen phytophthora ramorum originates from the laurosilva forests of east asia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8003361/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33803849
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7030226
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