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Influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype on Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition and Motor Cortex Metabolites
The Met allele of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene confers reduced cortical BDNF expression and associated neurobehavioral changes. BDNF signaling influences the survival, development, and synaptic function of cortical networks. Here, we compared gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8003639/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33804682 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11030395 |
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author | Sasaki, Ryoki Otsuru, Naofumi Miyaguchi, Shota Kojima, Sho Watanabe, Hiraku Ohno, Ken Sakurai, Noriko Kodama, Naoki Sato, Daisuke Onishi, Hideaki |
author_facet | Sasaki, Ryoki Otsuru, Naofumi Miyaguchi, Shota Kojima, Sho Watanabe, Hiraku Ohno, Ken Sakurai, Noriko Kodama, Naoki Sato, Daisuke Onishi, Hideaki |
author_sort | Sasaki, Ryoki |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Met allele of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene confers reduced cortical BDNF expression and associated neurobehavioral changes. BDNF signaling influences the survival, development, and synaptic function of cortical networks. Here, we compared gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic network activity in the human primary motor cortex (M1) between the Met (Val/Met and Met/Met) and non-Met (Val/Val) genotype groups. Short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition, short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI), and long-latency afferent inhibition were measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as indices of GABAergic activity. Furthermore, the considerable inter-individual variability in inhibitory network activity typically measured by TMS may be affected not only by GABA but also by other pathways, including glutamatergic and cholinergic activities; therefore, we used 3-T magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure the dynamics of glutamate plus glutamine (Glx) and choline concentrations in the left M1, left somatosensory cortex, and right cerebellum. All inhibitory TMS conditions produced significantly smaller motor-evoked potentials than single-pulses. SAI was significantly stronger in the Met group than in the Val/Val group. Only the M1 Glx concentration was significantly lower in the Met group, while the BDNF genotype did not affect choline concentration in any region. Further, a positive correlation was observed between SAI and Glx concentrations only in M1. Our findings provide evidence that the BDNF genotype regulates both the inhibitory and excitatory circuits in human M1. In addition, lower Glx concentration in the M1 of Met carriers may alter specific inhibitory network on M1, thereby influencing the cortical signal processing required for neurobehavioral functions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8003639 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80036392021-03-28 Influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype on Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition and Motor Cortex Metabolites Sasaki, Ryoki Otsuru, Naofumi Miyaguchi, Shota Kojima, Sho Watanabe, Hiraku Ohno, Ken Sakurai, Noriko Kodama, Naoki Sato, Daisuke Onishi, Hideaki Brain Sci Article The Met allele of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene confers reduced cortical BDNF expression and associated neurobehavioral changes. BDNF signaling influences the survival, development, and synaptic function of cortical networks. Here, we compared gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic network activity in the human primary motor cortex (M1) between the Met (Val/Met and Met/Met) and non-Met (Val/Val) genotype groups. Short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition, short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI), and long-latency afferent inhibition were measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as indices of GABAergic activity. Furthermore, the considerable inter-individual variability in inhibitory network activity typically measured by TMS may be affected not only by GABA but also by other pathways, including glutamatergic and cholinergic activities; therefore, we used 3-T magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure the dynamics of glutamate plus glutamine (Glx) and choline concentrations in the left M1, left somatosensory cortex, and right cerebellum. All inhibitory TMS conditions produced significantly smaller motor-evoked potentials than single-pulses. SAI was significantly stronger in the Met group than in the Val/Val group. Only the M1 Glx concentration was significantly lower in the Met group, while the BDNF genotype did not affect choline concentration in any region. Further, a positive correlation was observed between SAI and Glx concentrations only in M1. Our findings provide evidence that the BDNF genotype regulates both the inhibitory and excitatory circuits in human M1. In addition, lower Glx concentration in the M1 of Met carriers may alter specific inhibitory network on M1, thereby influencing the cortical signal processing required for neurobehavioral functions. MDPI 2021-03-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8003639/ /pubmed/33804682 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11030395 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ). |
spellingShingle | Article Sasaki, Ryoki Otsuru, Naofumi Miyaguchi, Shota Kojima, Sho Watanabe, Hiraku Ohno, Ken Sakurai, Noriko Kodama, Naoki Sato, Daisuke Onishi, Hideaki Influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype on Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition and Motor Cortex Metabolites |
title | Influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype on Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition and Motor Cortex Metabolites |
title_full | Influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype on Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition and Motor Cortex Metabolites |
title_fullStr | Influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype on Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition and Motor Cortex Metabolites |
title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype on Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition and Motor Cortex Metabolites |
title_short | Influence of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Genotype on Short-Latency Afferent Inhibition and Motor Cortex Metabolites |
title_sort | influence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor genotype on short-latency afferent inhibition and motor cortex metabolites |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8003639/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33804682 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11030395 |
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