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Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview

Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are an exciting new class of microporous polymers with unprecedented properties in organic material chemistry. They are generally built from rigid, geometrically defined organic building blocks resulting in robust, covalently bonded crystalline networks that extend...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Machado, Tiago F., Serra, M. Elisa Silva, Murtinho, Dina, Valente, Artur J. M., Naushad, Mu.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8004293/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33809960
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060970
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author Machado, Tiago F.
Serra, M. Elisa Silva
Murtinho, Dina
Valente, Artur J. M.
Naushad, Mu.
author_facet Machado, Tiago F.
Serra, M. Elisa Silva
Murtinho, Dina
Valente, Artur J. M.
Naushad, Mu.
author_sort Machado, Tiago F.
collection PubMed
description Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are an exciting new class of microporous polymers with unprecedented properties in organic material chemistry. They are generally built from rigid, geometrically defined organic building blocks resulting in robust, covalently bonded crystalline networks that extend in two or three dimensions. By strategically combining monomers with specific structures and properties, synthesized COF materials can be fine-tuned and controlled at the atomic level, with unparalleled precision on intrapore chemical environment; moreover, the unusually high pore accessibility allows for easy post-synthetic pore wall modification after the COF is synthesized. Overall, COFs combine high, permanent porosity and surface area with high thermal and chemical stability, crystallinity and customizability, making them ideal candidates for a myriad of promising new solutions in a vast number of scientific fields, with widely varying applications such as gas adsorption and storage, pollutant removal, degradation and separation, advanced filtration, heterogeneous catalysis, chemical sensing, biomedical applications, energy storage and production and a vast array of optoelectronic solutions. This review attempts to give a brief insight on COF history, the overall strategies and techniques for rational COF synthesis and post-synthetic functionalization, as well as a glance at the exponentially growing field of COF research, summarizing their main properties and introducing the numerous technological and industrial state of the art applications, with noteworthy examples found in the literature.
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spelling pubmed-80042932021-03-28 Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview Machado, Tiago F. Serra, M. Elisa Silva Murtinho, Dina Valente, Artur J. M. Naushad, Mu. Polymers (Basel) Review Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are an exciting new class of microporous polymers with unprecedented properties in organic material chemistry. They are generally built from rigid, geometrically defined organic building blocks resulting in robust, covalently bonded crystalline networks that extend in two or three dimensions. By strategically combining monomers with specific structures and properties, synthesized COF materials can be fine-tuned and controlled at the atomic level, with unparalleled precision on intrapore chemical environment; moreover, the unusually high pore accessibility allows for easy post-synthetic pore wall modification after the COF is synthesized. Overall, COFs combine high, permanent porosity and surface area with high thermal and chemical stability, crystallinity and customizability, making them ideal candidates for a myriad of promising new solutions in a vast number of scientific fields, with widely varying applications such as gas adsorption and storage, pollutant removal, degradation and separation, advanced filtration, heterogeneous catalysis, chemical sensing, biomedical applications, energy storage and production and a vast array of optoelectronic solutions. This review attempts to give a brief insight on COF history, the overall strategies and techniques for rational COF synthesis and post-synthetic functionalization, as well as a glance at the exponentially growing field of COF research, summarizing their main properties and introducing the numerous technological and industrial state of the art applications, with noteworthy examples found in the literature. MDPI 2021-03-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8004293/ /pubmed/33809960 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060970 Text en © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Machado, Tiago F.
Serra, M. Elisa Silva
Murtinho, Dina
Valente, Artur J. M.
Naushad, Mu.
Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview
title Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview
title_full Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview
title_fullStr Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview
title_full_unstemmed Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview
title_short Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview
title_sort covalent organic frameworks: synthesis, properties and applications—an overview
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8004293/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33809960
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060970
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