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High-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 through gene trFKBP12
BACKGROUND: Knowledge with respect to regulatory systems for cellulase production is prerequisite for exploitation of such regulatory networks to increase cellulase production, improve fermentation efficiency and reduce the relevant production cost. The target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway is...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8004424/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33771193 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-021-01926-w |
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author | Pang, Ai-Ping Wang, Haiyan Zhang, Funing Hu, Xin Wu, Fu-Gen Zhou, Zhihua Wang, Wei Lu, Zuhong Lin, Fengming |
author_facet | Pang, Ai-Ping Wang, Haiyan Zhang, Funing Hu, Xin Wu, Fu-Gen Zhou, Zhihua Wang, Wei Lu, Zuhong Lin, Fengming |
author_sort | Pang, Ai-Ping |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Knowledge with respect to regulatory systems for cellulase production is prerequisite for exploitation of such regulatory networks to increase cellulase production, improve fermentation efficiency and reduce the relevant production cost. The target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway is considered as a central signaling hub coordinating eukaryotic cell growth and metabolism with environmental inputs. However, how and to what extent the TOR signaling pathway and rapamycin are involved in cellulase production remain elusive. RESULT: At the early fermentation stage, high-dose rapamycin (100 μM) caused a temporary inhibition effect on cellulase production, cell growth and sporulation of Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 independently of the carbon sources, and specifically caused a tentative morphology defect in RUT-C30 grown on cellulose. On the contrary, the lipid content of T. reesei RUT-C30 was not affected by rapamycin. Accordingly, the transcriptional levels of genes involved in the cellulase production were downregulated notably with the addition of rapamycin. Although the mRNA levels of the putative rapamycin receptor trFKBP12 was upregulated significantly by rapamycin, gene trTOR (the downstream effector of the rapamycin–FKBP12 complex) and genes associated with the TOR signaling pathways were not changed markedly. With the deletion of gene trFKBP12, there is no impact of rapamycin on cellulase production, indicating that trFKBP12 mediates the observed temporary inhibition effect of rapamycin. CONCLUSION: Our study shows for the first time that only high-concentration rapamycin induced a transient impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 at its early cultivation stage, demonstrating T. reesei RUT-C30 is highly resistant to rapamycin, probably due to that trTOR and its related signaling pathways were not that sensitive to rapamycin. This temporary influence of rapamycin was facilitated by gene trFKBP12. These findings add to our knowledge on the roles of rapamycin and the TOR signaling pathways play in T. reesei. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-021-01926-w. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8004424 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80044242021-03-30 High-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 through gene trFKBP12 Pang, Ai-Ping Wang, Haiyan Zhang, Funing Hu, Xin Wu, Fu-Gen Zhou, Zhihua Wang, Wei Lu, Zuhong Lin, Fengming Biotechnol Biofuels Research BACKGROUND: Knowledge with respect to regulatory systems for cellulase production is prerequisite for exploitation of such regulatory networks to increase cellulase production, improve fermentation efficiency and reduce the relevant production cost. The target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway is considered as a central signaling hub coordinating eukaryotic cell growth and metabolism with environmental inputs. However, how and to what extent the TOR signaling pathway and rapamycin are involved in cellulase production remain elusive. RESULT: At the early fermentation stage, high-dose rapamycin (100 μM) caused a temporary inhibition effect on cellulase production, cell growth and sporulation of Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 independently of the carbon sources, and specifically caused a tentative morphology defect in RUT-C30 grown on cellulose. On the contrary, the lipid content of T. reesei RUT-C30 was not affected by rapamycin. Accordingly, the transcriptional levels of genes involved in the cellulase production were downregulated notably with the addition of rapamycin. Although the mRNA levels of the putative rapamycin receptor trFKBP12 was upregulated significantly by rapamycin, gene trTOR (the downstream effector of the rapamycin–FKBP12 complex) and genes associated with the TOR signaling pathways were not changed markedly. With the deletion of gene trFKBP12, there is no impact of rapamycin on cellulase production, indicating that trFKBP12 mediates the observed temporary inhibition effect of rapamycin. CONCLUSION: Our study shows for the first time that only high-concentration rapamycin induced a transient impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 at its early cultivation stage, demonstrating T. reesei RUT-C30 is highly resistant to rapamycin, probably due to that trTOR and its related signaling pathways were not that sensitive to rapamycin. This temporary influence of rapamycin was facilitated by gene trFKBP12. These findings add to our knowledge on the roles of rapamycin and the TOR signaling pathways play in T. reesei. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-021-01926-w. BioMed Central 2021-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8004424/ /pubmed/33771193 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-021-01926-w Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Pang, Ai-Ping Wang, Haiyan Zhang, Funing Hu, Xin Wu, Fu-Gen Zhou, Zhihua Wang, Wei Lu, Zuhong Lin, Fengming High-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 through gene trFKBP12 |
title | High-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 through gene trFKBP12 |
title_full | High-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 through gene trFKBP12 |
title_fullStr | High-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 through gene trFKBP12 |
title_full_unstemmed | High-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 through gene trFKBP12 |
title_short | High-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on T. reesei RUT-C30 through gene trFKBP12 |
title_sort | high-dose rapamycin exerts a temporary impact on t. reesei rut-c30 through gene trfkbp12 |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8004424/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33771193 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-021-01926-w |
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