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Role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro Newcastle disease virus infection

The enzyme 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthase (OAS) is one of the key interferon-induced antiviral factors that act through inhibition of viral replication. In chickens, there is a single well-characterized OAS gene, oligoadenylate synthase-like (OASL) that has been shown to be upregulated after infectio...

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Autores principales: Del Vesco, Ana Paula, Jang, Hyun Jun, Monson, Melissa S., Lamont, Susan J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8005822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33752069
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101067
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author Del Vesco, Ana Paula
Jang, Hyun Jun
Monson, Melissa S.
Lamont, Susan J.
author_facet Del Vesco, Ana Paula
Jang, Hyun Jun
Monson, Melissa S.
Lamont, Susan J.
author_sort Del Vesco, Ana Paula
collection PubMed
description The enzyme 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthase (OAS) is one of the key interferon-induced antiviral factors that act through inhibition of viral replication. In chickens, there is a single well-characterized OAS gene, oligoadenylate synthase-like (OASL) that has been shown to be upregulated after infection with various viruses. However, a deeper understanding of how chicken OASL acts against viral infection is still necessary. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that OASL short interfering RNA (siRNA)–mediated knockdown would decrease the host gene expression response to the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) by impacting antiviral pathways. To assess our hypothesis, a chicken fibroblast cell line (DF-1) was infected with the NDV (LaSota strain) and OASL expression was knocked down using a specific siRNA. The level of NDV viral RNA in the cells and the expression of interferon response- and apoptosis-related genes were evaluated by quantitative PCR at 4, 8, and 24 h postinfection (hpi). Knockdown of OASL increased the level of NDV viral RNA at 4, 8, and 24 hpi (P < 0.05) and eliminated the difference between NDV-infected and noninfected cells for expression of interferon response- and apoptosis-related genes (P > 0.05). The lack of differential expression suggests that knockdown of OASL resulted in a decreased response to NDV infection. Within NDV-infected cells, OASL knockdown reduced expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, interferon alfa receptor subunit 1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2, ribonuclease L, caspase 8 (CASP8) and caspase 9 (CASP9) at 4 hpi, CASP9 at 8 hpi, and caspase 3, CASP8, and CASP9 at 24 hpi (P < 0.05). We suggest that the increased NDV viral load in DF-1 cells after OASL knockdown was the result of a complex interaction between OASL and interferon response- and apoptosis-related genes that decreased host response to the NDV. Our results provide comprehensive information on the role played by OASL during NDV infection in vitro. Targeting this mechanism could aid in future prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for Newcastle disease in poultry.
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spelling pubmed-80058222021-04-01 Role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro Newcastle disease virus infection Del Vesco, Ana Paula Jang, Hyun Jun Monson, Melissa S. Lamont, Susan J. Poult Sci Full-Length Article The enzyme 2′-5′ oligoadenylate synthase (OAS) is one of the key interferon-induced antiviral factors that act through inhibition of viral replication. In chickens, there is a single well-characterized OAS gene, oligoadenylate synthase-like (OASL) that has been shown to be upregulated after infection with various viruses. However, a deeper understanding of how chicken OASL acts against viral infection is still necessary. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that OASL short interfering RNA (siRNA)–mediated knockdown would decrease the host gene expression response to the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) by impacting antiviral pathways. To assess our hypothesis, a chicken fibroblast cell line (DF-1) was infected with the NDV (LaSota strain) and OASL expression was knocked down using a specific siRNA. The level of NDV viral RNA in the cells and the expression of interferon response- and apoptosis-related genes were evaluated by quantitative PCR at 4, 8, and 24 h postinfection (hpi). Knockdown of OASL increased the level of NDV viral RNA at 4, 8, and 24 hpi (P < 0.05) and eliminated the difference between NDV-infected and noninfected cells for expression of interferon response- and apoptosis-related genes (P > 0.05). The lack of differential expression suggests that knockdown of OASL resulted in a decreased response to NDV infection. Within NDV-infected cells, OASL knockdown reduced expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, interferon alfa receptor subunit 1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2, ribonuclease L, caspase 8 (CASP8) and caspase 9 (CASP9) at 4 hpi, CASP9 at 8 hpi, and caspase 3, CASP8, and CASP9 at 24 hpi (P < 0.05). We suggest that the increased NDV viral load in DF-1 cells after OASL knockdown was the result of a complex interaction between OASL and interferon response- and apoptosis-related genes that decreased host response to the NDV. Our results provide comprehensive information on the role played by OASL during NDV infection in vitro. Targeting this mechanism could aid in future prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for Newcastle disease in poultry. Elsevier 2021-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8005822/ /pubmed/33752069 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101067 Text en © 2021 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Full-Length Article
Del Vesco, Ana Paula
Jang, Hyun Jun
Monson, Melissa S.
Lamont, Susan J.
Role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro Newcastle disease virus infection
title Role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro Newcastle disease virus infection
title_full Role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro Newcastle disease virus infection
title_fullStr Role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro Newcastle disease virus infection
title_full_unstemmed Role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro Newcastle disease virus infection
title_short Role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro Newcastle disease virus infection
title_sort role of the chicken oligoadenylate synthase-like gene during in vitro newcastle disease virus infection
topic Full-Length Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8005822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33752069
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101067
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