Transforming electronic health record polysomnographic data into the Observational Medical Outcome Partnership's Common Data Model: a pilot feasibility study

Well-defined large-volume polysomnographic (PSG) data can identify subgroups and predict outcomes of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, current PSG data are scattered across numerous sleep laboratories and have different formats in the electronic health record (EHR). Hence, this study aimed to convert EHR PSG into a standardized data format—the Observational Medical Outcome Partnership (OMOP) common data model (CDM). We extracted the PSG data of a university hospital for the period from 2004 to 2019. We designed and implemented an extract–transform–load (ETL) process to transform PSG data into the OMOP CDM format and verified the data quality through expert evaluation. We converted the data of 11,797 sleep studies into CDM and added 632,841 measurements and 9,535 observations to the existing CDM database. Among 86 PSG parameters, 20 were mapped to CDM standard vocabulary and 66 could not be mapped; thus, new custom standard concepts were created. We validated the conversion and usefulness of PSG data through patient-level prediction analyses for the CDM data. We believe that this study represents the first CDM conversion of PSG. In the future, CDM transformation will enable network research in sleep medicine and will contribute to presenting more relevant clinical evidence.