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Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrociénegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico

BACKGROUND: Cuatrociénegas, part of the Chihuahuan Desert, is a region of unique biological, geological, geographical, and evolutionary importance. Its current population is mestizo; nevertheless, it has high national historical, cultural, and touristic relevance in Mexico. It has been cataloged as...

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Autores principales: Estrada-Castillón, Eduardo, Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Ángel, Encina-Domínguez, Juan Antonio, Jurado-Ybarra, Enrique, Cuéllar-Rodríguez, Luis Gerardo, Garza-Zambrano, Patricio, Arévalo-Sierra, José Ramón, Cantú-Ayala, César Martín, Himmelsbach, Wibke, Salinas-Rodríguez, María Magdalena, Gutiérrez-Santillán, Tania Vianney
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8008621/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33781298
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13002-021-00445-0
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author Estrada-Castillón, Eduardo
Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Ángel
Encina-Domínguez, Juan Antonio
Jurado-Ybarra, Enrique
Cuéllar-Rodríguez, Luis Gerardo
Garza-Zambrano, Patricio
Arévalo-Sierra, José Ramón
Cantú-Ayala, César Martín
Himmelsbach, Wibke
Salinas-Rodríguez, María Magdalena
Gutiérrez-Santillán, Tania Vianney
author_facet Estrada-Castillón, Eduardo
Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Ángel
Encina-Domínguez, Juan Antonio
Jurado-Ybarra, Enrique
Cuéllar-Rodríguez, Luis Gerardo
Garza-Zambrano, Patricio
Arévalo-Sierra, José Ramón
Cantú-Ayala, César Martín
Himmelsbach, Wibke
Salinas-Rodríguez, María Magdalena
Gutiérrez-Santillán, Tania Vianney
author_sort Estrada-Castillón, Eduardo
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cuatrociénegas, part of the Chihuahuan Desert, is a region of unique biological, geological, geographical, and evolutionary importance. Its current population is mestizo; nevertheless, it has high national historical, cultural, and touristic relevance in Mexico. It has been cataloged as nationally significant for its flora and fauna by Mexican law, as well as being designated a High Protection site by the World Wildlife Fund and UNESCO. Because of its diverse and complex biological and sociocultural characteristics, we considered it important to determine, identify, and analyze various aspects of the traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and practices in this region. METHODS: Between 2016 and 2019, seven field trips were made to document the knowledge and use of flora. Cuatrociénegas is a protected area, collecting botanical material is regulated, so specimens were photographed and collected in neighboring communities, and in public and private gardens. Later permission was obtained to complete the collection of specimens (2019–2020). The plants were identified and entered into the flora database of the state of Coahuila, and deposited in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Forest Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Mexico. One hundred ten local residents (50 men and 60 women), aged between 27 and 91 years, were interviewed (semi-structured interviews). The cultural importance of ethnobotanical resources (cultural significance index) and its significance with respect to ethnobotanical richness in other Biosphere Reserves in Mexico (Mann-Whitney test), and similarities in the diversity of exotic species (Sørensen index) were studied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The ethnobotanical information registers 158 species and 132 genera in 57 vascular and non-vascular families, documenting a greater knowledge and use of cultivated species (84) with respect to wild species (74). The diversity of plants reported is compared to other ethnobotanical studies carried out in Mexican Biosphere Reserves. These results are highly relevant, in spite of unique exotic species. The people local pay special attention to medicinal and ornamental plants. The species that presented the highest use values are Larrea tridentata, Jatropha dioica, and Machaeranthera pinnatifida, three species characteristic of the desert region. CONCLUSIONS: The particular diversity of wild flora in Cuatrociénegas Valley, combined with the varied introduced flora, is an important multifunctional resource. Special attention to introduced species is associated with harvesting use restrictions in the protected area as well as the high value of ornamental species that are difficult to maintain in desert areas. The extensive use of ethnobotanical knowledge is an example that biocultural diversity (at the conceptual level) is also strongly associated with socio-ecological systems incorporating mestizo groups and semi-urban rural landscapes, thus ceasing to be an exclusive focus of indigenous communities and regions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13002-021-00445-0.
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spelling pubmed-80086212021-03-31 Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrociénegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico Estrada-Castillón, Eduardo Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Ángel Encina-Domínguez, Juan Antonio Jurado-Ybarra, Enrique Cuéllar-Rodríguez, Luis Gerardo Garza-Zambrano, Patricio Arévalo-Sierra, José Ramón Cantú-Ayala, César Martín Himmelsbach, Wibke Salinas-Rodríguez, María Magdalena Gutiérrez-Santillán, Tania Vianney J Ethnobiol Ethnomed Research BACKGROUND: Cuatrociénegas, part of the Chihuahuan Desert, is a region of unique biological, geological, geographical, and evolutionary importance. Its current population is mestizo; nevertheless, it has high national historical, cultural, and touristic relevance in Mexico. It has been cataloged as nationally significant for its flora and fauna by Mexican law, as well as being designated a High Protection site by the World Wildlife Fund and UNESCO. Because of its diverse and complex biological and sociocultural characteristics, we considered it important to determine, identify, and analyze various aspects of the traditional ethnobotanical knowledge and practices in this region. METHODS: Between 2016 and 2019, seven field trips were made to document the knowledge and use of flora. Cuatrociénegas is a protected area, collecting botanical material is regulated, so specimens were photographed and collected in neighboring communities, and in public and private gardens. Later permission was obtained to complete the collection of specimens (2019–2020). The plants were identified and entered into the flora database of the state of Coahuila, and deposited in the Herbarium of the Faculty of Forest Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Mexico. One hundred ten local residents (50 men and 60 women), aged between 27 and 91 years, were interviewed (semi-structured interviews). The cultural importance of ethnobotanical resources (cultural significance index) and its significance with respect to ethnobotanical richness in other Biosphere Reserves in Mexico (Mann-Whitney test), and similarities in the diversity of exotic species (Sørensen index) were studied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The ethnobotanical information registers 158 species and 132 genera in 57 vascular and non-vascular families, documenting a greater knowledge and use of cultivated species (84) with respect to wild species (74). The diversity of plants reported is compared to other ethnobotanical studies carried out in Mexican Biosphere Reserves. These results are highly relevant, in spite of unique exotic species. The people local pay special attention to medicinal and ornamental plants. The species that presented the highest use values are Larrea tridentata, Jatropha dioica, and Machaeranthera pinnatifida, three species characteristic of the desert region. CONCLUSIONS: The particular diversity of wild flora in Cuatrociénegas Valley, combined with the varied introduced flora, is an important multifunctional resource. Special attention to introduced species is associated with harvesting use restrictions in the protected area as well as the high value of ornamental species that are difficult to maintain in desert areas. The extensive use of ethnobotanical knowledge is an example that biocultural diversity (at the conceptual level) is also strongly associated with socio-ecological systems incorporating mestizo groups and semi-urban rural landscapes, thus ceasing to be an exclusive focus of indigenous communities and regions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13002-021-00445-0. BioMed Central 2021-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8008621/ /pubmed/33781298 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13002-021-00445-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Estrada-Castillón, Eduardo
Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Ángel
Encina-Domínguez, Juan Antonio
Jurado-Ybarra, Enrique
Cuéllar-Rodríguez, Luis Gerardo
Garza-Zambrano, Patricio
Arévalo-Sierra, José Ramón
Cantú-Ayala, César Martín
Himmelsbach, Wibke
Salinas-Rodríguez, María Magdalena
Gutiérrez-Santillán, Tania Vianney
Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrociénegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico
title Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrociénegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico
title_full Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrociénegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico
title_fullStr Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrociénegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrociénegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico
title_short Ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the Cuatrociénegas Valley, Coahuila; Mexico
title_sort ethnobotanical biocultural diversity by rural communities in the cuatrociénegas valley, coahuila; mexico
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8008621/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33781298
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13002-021-00445-0
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