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Visual Search in 3D: Effects of Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Cues to Depth on the Validity of Feature Integration Theory and Perceptual Load Theory

Previous research has successfully used feature integration theory to operationalise the predictions of Perceptual Load Theory, while simultaneously testing the predictions of both models. Building on this work, we test the extent to which these models hold up in a 3D world. In two experiments, part...

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Autores principales: Greene, Ciara M., Broughan, John, Hanlon, Anthony, Keane, Seán, Hanrahan, Sophia, Kerr, Stephen, Rooney, Brendan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8009999/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33815197
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.596511
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author Greene, Ciara M.
Broughan, John
Hanlon, Anthony
Keane, Seán
Hanrahan, Sophia
Kerr, Stephen
Rooney, Brendan
author_facet Greene, Ciara M.
Broughan, John
Hanlon, Anthony
Keane, Seán
Hanrahan, Sophia
Kerr, Stephen
Rooney, Brendan
author_sort Greene, Ciara M.
collection PubMed
description Previous research has successfully used feature integration theory to operationalise the predictions of Perceptual Load Theory, while simultaneously testing the predictions of both models. Building on this work, we test the extent to which these models hold up in a 3D world. In two experiments, participants responded to a target stimulus within an array of shapes whose apparent depth was manipulated using a combination of monoscopic and stereoscopic cues. The search task was designed to test the predictions of (a) feature integration theory, as the target was identified by a single feature or a conjunction of features and embedded in search arrays of varying size, and (b) perceptual load theory, as the task included congruent and incongruent distractors presented alongside search tasks imposing high or low perceptual load. Findings from both experiments upheld the predictions of feature integration theory, regardless of 2D/3D condition. Longer search times in conditions with a combination of monoscopic and stereoscopic depth cues suggests that binding features into three-dimensional objects requires greater attentional effort. This additional effort should have implications for perceptual load theory, yet our findings did not uphold its predictions; the effect of incongruent distractors did not differ between conjunction search trials (conceptualised as high perceptual load) and feature search trials (low perceptual load). Individual differences in susceptibility to the effects of perceptual load were evident and likely explain the absence of load effects. Overall, our findings suggest that feature integration theory may be useful for predicting attentional performance in a 3D world.
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spelling pubmed-80099992021-04-01 Visual Search in 3D: Effects of Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Cues to Depth on the Validity of Feature Integration Theory and Perceptual Load Theory Greene, Ciara M. Broughan, John Hanlon, Anthony Keane, Seán Hanrahan, Sophia Kerr, Stephen Rooney, Brendan Front Psychol Psychology Previous research has successfully used feature integration theory to operationalise the predictions of Perceptual Load Theory, while simultaneously testing the predictions of both models. Building on this work, we test the extent to which these models hold up in a 3D world. In two experiments, participants responded to a target stimulus within an array of shapes whose apparent depth was manipulated using a combination of monoscopic and stereoscopic cues. The search task was designed to test the predictions of (a) feature integration theory, as the target was identified by a single feature or a conjunction of features and embedded in search arrays of varying size, and (b) perceptual load theory, as the task included congruent and incongruent distractors presented alongside search tasks imposing high or low perceptual load. Findings from both experiments upheld the predictions of feature integration theory, regardless of 2D/3D condition. Longer search times in conditions with a combination of monoscopic and stereoscopic depth cues suggests that binding features into three-dimensional objects requires greater attentional effort. This additional effort should have implications for perceptual load theory, yet our findings did not uphold its predictions; the effect of incongruent distractors did not differ between conjunction search trials (conceptualised as high perceptual load) and feature search trials (low perceptual load). Individual differences in susceptibility to the effects of perceptual load were evident and likely explain the absence of load effects. Overall, our findings suggest that feature integration theory may be useful for predicting attentional performance in a 3D world. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8009999/ /pubmed/33815197 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.596511 Text en Copyright © 2021 Greene, Broughan, Hanlon, Keane, Hanrahan, Kerr and Rooney. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Greene, Ciara M.
Broughan, John
Hanlon, Anthony
Keane, Seán
Hanrahan, Sophia
Kerr, Stephen
Rooney, Brendan
Visual Search in 3D: Effects of Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Cues to Depth on the Validity of Feature Integration Theory and Perceptual Load Theory
title Visual Search in 3D: Effects of Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Cues to Depth on the Validity of Feature Integration Theory and Perceptual Load Theory
title_full Visual Search in 3D: Effects of Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Cues to Depth on the Validity of Feature Integration Theory and Perceptual Load Theory
title_fullStr Visual Search in 3D: Effects of Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Cues to Depth on the Validity of Feature Integration Theory and Perceptual Load Theory
title_full_unstemmed Visual Search in 3D: Effects of Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Cues to Depth on the Validity of Feature Integration Theory and Perceptual Load Theory
title_short Visual Search in 3D: Effects of Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Cues to Depth on the Validity of Feature Integration Theory and Perceptual Load Theory
title_sort visual search in 3d: effects of monoscopic and stereoscopic cues to depth on the validity of feature integration theory and perceptual load theory
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8009999/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33815197
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.596511
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