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Diabetes prevalence and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at high risk of fatal outcomes. This meta-analysis quantifies the prevalence of mortality among (1) diabetic and (2) non-diabetic, and (3) the prevalence of DM, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODS: Pu...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8012080/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33821206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00779-2 |
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author | Saha, Sumanta Al-Rifai, Rami H. Saha, Sujata |
author_facet | Saha, Sumanta Al-Rifai, Rami H. Saha, Sujata |
author_sort | Saha, Sumanta |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at high risk of fatal outcomes. This meta-analysis quantifies the prevalence of mortality among (1) diabetic and (2) non-diabetic, and (3) the prevalence of DM, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODS: Published studies were retrieved from four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and medRxiv) and appraised critically utilizing the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s tool. Meta-analyses were performed using the random-effects model. The measures of heterogeneity were ascertained by I- squared (I(2)) and Chi-squared (Chi(2)) tests statistics. Predictors of heterogeneity were quantified using meta-regression models. RESULTS: Of the reviewed 475 publications, 22 studies (chiefly case series (59.09 %)), sourcing data of 45,775 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, were deemed eligible. The weighted prevalence of mortality in hospitlized COVID-19 patients with DM (20.0 %, 95 % CI: 15.0–26.0; I(2), 96.8 %) was 82 % (1.82-time) higher than that in non-DM patients (11.0 %, 95 % CI: 5.0–16.0; I(2), 99.3 %). The prevalence of mortality among DM patients was highest in Europe (28.0 %; 95 % CI: 14.0–44.0) followed by the United States (20.0 %, 95 % CI: 11.0–32.0) and Asia (17.0 %, 95 % CI: 8.0–28.0). Sample size and severity of the COVID-19 were associated (p < 0.05) with variability in the prevalence of mortality. The weighted prevalence of DM among hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 20 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 15–25, I(2), 99.3 %). Overall, the quality of the studies was fair. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients were appreciably burdened with a high prevalence of DM. DM contributed to the increased risk of mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared to non-DM patients, particularly among critically ill patients. Registration: PROSPERO (registration no. CRD42020196589). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00779-2. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8012080 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80120802021-04-01 Diabetes prevalence and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression Saha, Sumanta Al-Rifai, Rami H. Saha, Sujata J Diabetes Metab Disord Review Article BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at high risk of fatal outcomes. This meta-analysis quantifies the prevalence of mortality among (1) diabetic and (2) non-diabetic, and (3) the prevalence of DM, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODS: Published studies were retrieved from four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and medRxiv) and appraised critically utilizing the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s tool. Meta-analyses were performed using the random-effects model. The measures of heterogeneity were ascertained by I- squared (I(2)) and Chi-squared (Chi(2)) tests statistics. Predictors of heterogeneity were quantified using meta-regression models. RESULTS: Of the reviewed 475 publications, 22 studies (chiefly case series (59.09 %)), sourcing data of 45,775 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, were deemed eligible. The weighted prevalence of mortality in hospitlized COVID-19 patients with DM (20.0 %, 95 % CI: 15.0–26.0; I(2), 96.8 %) was 82 % (1.82-time) higher than that in non-DM patients (11.0 %, 95 % CI: 5.0–16.0; I(2), 99.3 %). The prevalence of mortality among DM patients was highest in Europe (28.0 %; 95 % CI: 14.0–44.0) followed by the United States (20.0 %, 95 % CI: 11.0–32.0) and Asia (17.0 %, 95 % CI: 8.0–28.0). Sample size and severity of the COVID-19 were associated (p < 0.05) with variability in the prevalence of mortality. The weighted prevalence of DM among hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 20 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 15–25, I(2), 99.3 %). Overall, the quality of the studies was fair. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients were appreciably burdened with a high prevalence of DM. DM contributed to the increased risk of mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared to non-DM patients, particularly among critically ill patients. Registration: PROSPERO (registration no. CRD42020196589). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00779-2. Springer International Publishing 2021-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8012080/ /pubmed/33821206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00779-2 Text en © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 |
spellingShingle | Review Article Saha, Sumanta Al-Rifai, Rami H. Saha, Sujata Diabetes prevalence and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression |
title | Diabetes prevalence and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression |
title_full | Diabetes prevalence and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression |
title_fullStr | Diabetes prevalence and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression |
title_full_unstemmed | Diabetes prevalence and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression |
title_short | Diabetes prevalence and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression |
title_sort | diabetes prevalence and mortality in covid-19 patients: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8012080/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33821206 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40200-021-00779-2 |
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