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Altered Actin Dynamics in Cell Migration of GNE Mutant Cells

Cell migration is an essential cellular process that requires coordination of cytoskeletal dynamics, reorganization, and signal transduction. The actin cytoskeleton is central in maintaining the cellular structure as well as regulating the mechanisms of cell motility. Glycosylation, particularly sia...

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Autores principales: Devi, Shamulailatpam Shreedarshanee, Yadav, Rashmi, Arya, Ranjana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8012676/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33816461
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.603742
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author Devi, Shamulailatpam Shreedarshanee
Yadav, Rashmi
Arya, Ranjana
author_facet Devi, Shamulailatpam Shreedarshanee
Yadav, Rashmi
Arya, Ranjana
author_sort Devi, Shamulailatpam Shreedarshanee
collection PubMed
description Cell migration is an essential cellular process that requires coordination of cytoskeletal dynamics, reorganization, and signal transduction. The actin cytoskeleton is central in maintaining the cellular structure as well as regulating the mechanisms of cell motility. Glycosylation, particularly sialylation of cell surface proteins like integrins, regulates signal transduction from the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeletal network. The activation of integrin by extracellular cues leads to recruitment of different focal adhesion complex proteins (Src, FAK, paxillin, etc.) and activates the signal including Rho GTPases for the regulation of actin assembly and disassembly. During cell migration, the assembly and disassembly of actin filament provides the essential force for the cell to move. Abnormal sialylation can lead to actin signaling dysfunction leading to aberrant cell migration, one of the main characteristics of cancer and myopathies. In the present study, we have reported altered F-actin to G-actin ratios in GNE mutated cells. These cells exhibit pathologically relevant mutations of GNE (UDP N-acetylneuraminic 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase), a key sialic acid biosynthetic enzyme. It was found that GNE neither affects the actin polymerization nor binds directly to actin. However, mutation in GNE resulted in increased binding of α-actinin to actin filaments. Further, through confocal imaging, GNE was found to be localized in focal adhesion complex along with paxillin. We further elucidated that mutation in GNE resulted in upregulation of RhoA protein and Cofilin activity is downregulated, which could be rescued with Rhosin and chlorogenic acid, respectively. Lastly, mutant in GNE reduced cell migration as implicated from wound healing assay. Our study indicates that molecules altering Cofilin function could significantly revert the cell migration defect due to GNE mutation in sialic acid-deficient cells. We propose cytoskeletal proteins to be alternate drug targets for disorders associated with GNE such as GNE myopathy.
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spelling pubmed-80126762021-04-02 Altered Actin Dynamics in Cell Migration of GNE Mutant Cells Devi, Shamulailatpam Shreedarshanee Yadav, Rashmi Arya, Ranjana Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Cell migration is an essential cellular process that requires coordination of cytoskeletal dynamics, reorganization, and signal transduction. The actin cytoskeleton is central in maintaining the cellular structure as well as regulating the mechanisms of cell motility. Glycosylation, particularly sialylation of cell surface proteins like integrins, regulates signal transduction from the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeletal network. The activation of integrin by extracellular cues leads to recruitment of different focal adhesion complex proteins (Src, FAK, paxillin, etc.) and activates the signal including Rho GTPases for the regulation of actin assembly and disassembly. During cell migration, the assembly and disassembly of actin filament provides the essential force for the cell to move. Abnormal sialylation can lead to actin signaling dysfunction leading to aberrant cell migration, one of the main characteristics of cancer and myopathies. In the present study, we have reported altered F-actin to G-actin ratios in GNE mutated cells. These cells exhibit pathologically relevant mutations of GNE (UDP N-acetylneuraminic 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase), a key sialic acid biosynthetic enzyme. It was found that GNE neither affects the actin polymerization nor binds directly to actin. However, mutation in GNE resulted in increased binding of α-actinin to actin filaments. Further, through confocal imaging, GNE was found to be localized in focal adhesion complex along with paxillin. We further elucidated that mutation in GNE resulted in upregulation of RhoA protein and Cofilin activity is downregulated, which could be rescued with Rhosin and chlorogenic acid, respectively. Lastly, mutant in GNE reduced cell migration as implicated from wound healing assay. Our study indicates that molecules altering Cofilin function could significantly revert the cell migration defect due to GNE mutation in sialic acid-deficient cells. We propose cytoskeletal proteins to be alternate drug targets for disorders associated with GNE such as GNE myopathy. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8012676/ /pubmed/33816461 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.603742 Text en Copyright © 2021 Devi, Yadav and Arya. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Devi, Shamulailatpam Shreedarshanee
Yadav, Rashmi
Arya, Ranjana
Altered Actin Dynamics in Cell Migration of GNE Mutant Cells
title Altered Actin Dynamics in Cell Migration of GNE Mutant Cells
title_full Altered Actin Dynamics in Cell Migration of GNE Mutant Cells
title_fullStr Altered Actin Dynamics in Cell Migration of GNE Mutant Cells
title_full_unstemmed Altered Actin Dynamics in Cell Migration of GNE Mutant Cells
title_short Altered Actin Dynamics in Cell Migration of GNE Mutant Cells
title_sort altered actin dynamics in cell migration of gne mutant cells
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8012676/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33816461
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.603742
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