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RNA Modification of N6-Methyladenosine Predicts Immune Phenotypes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
RNA modification of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays critical roles in various biological processes, such as cancer development, inflammation, and the anticancer immune response. However, the role played by a comprehensive m6A modification pattern in regulating anticancer immunity in kidney renal clea...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8013979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33816290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.642159 |
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author | Li, Huihuang Hu, Jiao Yu, Anze Othmane, Belaydi Guo, Tao Liu, Jinhui Cheng, Chunliang Chen, Jinbo Zu, Xiongbing |
author_facet | Li, Huihuang Hu, Jiao Yu, Anze Othmane, Belaydi Guo, Tao Liu, Jinhui Cheng, Chunliang Chen, Jinbo Zu, Xiongbing |
author_sort | Li, Huihuang |
collection | PubMed |
description | RNA modification of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays critical roles in various biological processes, such as cancer development, inflammation, and the anticancer immune response. However, the role played by a comprehensive m6A modification pattern in regulating anticancer immunity in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we identified two independent m6A modification patterns with distinct biological functions, immunological characteristics, and prognoses in KIRC. Next, we developed an m6A score algorithm to quantify an individual's m6A modification pattern, which was independently validated in external cohorts. The m6A cluster 1 and low m6A score groups were characterized by a hot tumor microenvironment with an increased infiltration level of cytotoxic immune cells, higher tumor mutation burden, higher immune checkpoint expression, and decreased stroma-associated signature enrichment. In general, the m6A cluster 1 and low m6A score groups reflected an inflammatory phenotype, which may be more sensitive to anticancer immunotherapy. The m6A cluster 2 and high m6A score groups indicated a non-inflammatory phenotype, which may not be sensitive to immunotherapy but rather to targeted therapy. In this study, we first identified m6A clusters and m6A scores to elucidate immune phenotypes and to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response in KIRC, which can guide urologists for making more precise clinical decisions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8013979 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80139792021-04-02 RNA Modification of N6-Methyladenosine Predicts Immune Phenotypes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma Li, Huihuang Hu, Jiao Yu, Anze Othmane, Belaydi Guo, Tao Liu, Jinhui Cheng, Chunliang Chen, Jinbo Zu, Xiongbing Front Oncol Oncology RNA modification of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays critical roles in various biological processes, such as cancer development, inflammation, and the anticancer immune response. However, the role played by a comprehensive m6A modification pattern in regulating anticancer immunity in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we identified two independent m6A modification patterns with distinct biological functions, immunological characteristics, and prognoses in KIRC. Next, we developed an m6A score algorithm to quantify an individual's m6A modification pattern, which was independently validated in external cohorts. The m6A cluster 1 and low m6A score groups were characterized by a hot tumor microenvironment with an increased infiltration level of cytotoxic immune cells, higher tumor mutation burden, higher immune checkpoint expression, and decreased stroma-associated signature enrichment. In general, the m6A cluster 1 and low m6A score groups reflected an inflammatory phenotype, which may be more sensitive to anticancer immunotherapy. The m6A cluster 2 and high m6A score groups indicated a non-inflammatory phenotype, which may not be sensitive to immunotherapy but rather to targeted therapy. In this study, we first identified m6A clusters and m6A scores to elucidate immune phenotypes and to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response in KIRC, which can guide urologists for making more precise clinical decisions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8013979/ /pubmed/33816290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.642159 Text en Copyright © 2021 Li, Hu, Yu, Othmane, Guo, Liu, Cheng, Chen and Zu. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Oncology Li, Huihuang Hu, Jiao Yu, Anze Othmane, Belaydi Guo, Tao Liu, Jinhui Cheng, Chunliang Chen, Jinbo Zu, Xiongbing RNA Modification of N6-Methyladenosine Predicts Immune Phenotypes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma |
title | RNA Modification of N6-Methyladenosine Predicts Immune Phenotypes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma |
title_full | RNA Modification of N6-Methyladenosine Predicts Immune Phenotypes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma |
title_fullStr | RNA Modification of N6-Methyladenosine Predicts Immune Phenotypes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | RNA Modification of N6-Methyladenosine Predicts Immune Phenotypes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma |
title_short | RNA Modification of N6-Methyladenosine Predicts Immune Phenotypes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma |
title_sort | rna modification of n6-methyladenosine predicts immune phenotypes and therapeutic opportunities in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma |
topic | Oncology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8013979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33816290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.642159 |
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