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Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the lifetime prevalence of male-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV), and to assess the association with food insecurity, sociodemographic factors and health risk behaviours in Uganda in the year preceding COVID-19-associated lockdowns. DESIGN: Popula...

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Autores principales: Awungafac, George, Mugamba, Stephen, Nalugoda, Fred, Sjöland, Carl Fredrik, Kigozi, Godfrey, Rautiainen, Susanne, Malyabe, Robert Bulamba, Ziegel, Leo, Nakigozi, Gertrude, Nalwoga, Grace Kigozi, Kyasanku, Emmanuel, Nkale, James, Watya, Stephen, Ekström, Anna Mia, Kågesten, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8016075/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33789856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045427
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author Awungafac, George
Mugamba, Stephen
Nalugoda, Fred
Sjöland, Carl Fredrik
Kigozi, Godfrey
Rautiainen, Susanne
Malyabe, Robert Bulamba
Ziegel, Leo
Nakigozi, Gertrude
Nalwoga, Grace Kigozi
Kyasanku, Emmanuel
Nkale, James
Watya, Stephen
Ekström, Anna Mia
Kågesten, Anna
author_facet Awungafac, George
Mugamba, Stephen
Nalugoda, Fred
Sjöland, Carl Fredrik
Kigozi, Godfrey
Rautiainen, Susanne
Malyabe, Robert Bulamba
Ziegel, Leo
Nakigozi, Gertrude
Nalwoga, Grace Kigozi
Kyasanku, Emmanuel
Nkale, James
Watya, Stephen
Ekström, Anna Mia
Kågesten, Anna
author_sort Awungafac, George
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the lifetime prevalence of male-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV), and to assess the association with food insecurity, sociodemographic factors and health risk behaviours in Uganda in the year preceding COVID-19-associated lockdowns. DESIGN: Population-based, cross-sectional household survey. SETTING: Urban, semiurban and rural communities of the Wakiso and Hoima districts in Uganda. PARTICIPANTS: A total of N=2014 males aged 13–80 years participated in the survey. The current study included males who reported having ever been in a sexual union and responded to the IPV questions (N=1314). MEASURES: Data were collected face-to-face from May 2018 to July 2019 using an interviewer-mediated questionnaire. Lifetime IPV perpetration was measured as ‘no physical and/or sexual IPV’, ‘physical’ versus ‘sexual violence only’, and ‘physical and sexual violence’. Past-year food insecurity was measured through the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and categorised into ‘none’, ‘low’ and ‘high’. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the crude and adjusted relative risk ratios (aRRRs) of IPV perpetration in relation to self-reported food insecurity, adjusting for sociodemographic and health risk behaviours. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-reported lifetime IPV perpetration was 14.6% for physical and 6.5% for sexual violence, while 5.3% reported to have perpetrated both physical and sexual IPV. Most (75.7%) males reported no food insecurity, followed by low (20.7%) and high (3.6%) food insecurity. In adjusted models, food insecurity was associated with increased risk of having perpetrated both physical and sexual violence (aRRR=2.57, 95% CI 1.52 to 4.32). IPV perpetration was also independently associated with having had more than one lifetime sexual partner and drinking alcohol, but not with education level or religion. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that food insecurity is associated with male IPV perpetration, and more efforts are needed to prevent and mitigate the expected worsening of this situation as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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spelling pubmed-80160752021-04-21 Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda Awungafac, George Mugamba, Stephen Nalugoda, Fred Sjöland, Carl Fredrik Kigozi, Godfrey Rautiainen, Susanne Malyabe, Robert Bulamba Ziegel, Leo Nakigozi, Gertrude Nalwoga, Grace Kigozi Kyasanku, Emmanuel Nkale, James Watya, Stephen Ekström, Anna Mia Kågesten, Anna BMJ Open Global Health OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the lifetime prevalence of male-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV), and to assess the association with food insecurity, sociodemographic factors and health risk behaviours in Uganda in the year preceding COVID-19-associated lockdowns. DESIGN: Population-based, cross-sectional household survey. SETTING: Urban, semiurban and rural communities of the Wakiso and Hoima districts in Uganda. PARTICIPANTS: A total of N=2014 males aged 13–80 years participated in the survey. The current study included males who reported having ever been in a sexual union and responded to the IPV questions (N=1314). MEASURES: Data were collected face-to-face from May 2018 to July 2019 using an interviewer-mediated questionnaire. Lifetime IPV perpetration was measured as ‘no physical and/or sexual IPV’, ‘physical’ versus ‘sexual violence only’, and ‘physical and sexual violence’. Past-year food insecurity was measured through the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and categorised into ‘none’, ‘low’ and ‘high’. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the crude and adjusted relative risk ratios (aRRRs) of IPV perpetration in relation to self-reported food insecurity, adjusting for sociodemographic and health risk behaviours. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-reported lifetime IPV perpetration was 14.6% for physical and 6.5% for sexual violence, while 5.3% reported to have perpetrated both physical and sexual IPV. Most (75.7%) males reported no food insecurity, followed by low (20.7%) and high (3.6%) food insecurity. In adjusted models, food insecurity was associated with increased risk of having perpetrated both physical and sexual violence (aRRR=2.57, 95% CI 1.52 to 4.32). IPV perpetration was also independently associated with having had more than one lifetime sexual partner and drinking alcohol, but not with education level or religion. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that food insecurity is associated with male IPV perpetration, and more efforts are needed to prevent and mitigate the expected worsening of this situation as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ Publishing Group 2021-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8016075/ /pubmed/33789856 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045427 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Global Health
Awungafac, George
Mugamba, Stephen
Nalugoda, Fred
Sjöland, Carl Fredrik
Kigozi, Godfrey
Rautiainen, Susanne
Malyabe, Robert Bulamba
Ziegel, Leo
Nakigozi, Gertrude
Nalwoga, Grace Kigozi
Kyasanku, Emmanuel
Nkale, James
Watya, Stephen
Ekström, Anna Mia
Kågesten, Anna
Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda
title Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda
title_full Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda
title_fullStr Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda
title_short Household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western Uganda
title_sort household food insecurity and its association with self-reported male perpetration of intimate partner violence: a survey of two districts in central and western uganda
topic Global Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8016075/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33789856
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045427
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