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Integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: How moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones
1. With accelerated land conversion and global heating at northern latitudes, it becomes crucial to understand, how life histories of animals in extreme environments adapt to these changes. Animals may either adapt by adjusting foraging behavior or through physiological responses, including adjustin...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8019042/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33841775 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7265 |
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author | Fohringer, Christian Dudka, Ilona Spitzer, Robert Stenbacka, Fredrik Rzhepishevska, Olena Cromsigt, Joris P. G. M. Gröbner, Gerhard Ericsson, Göran Singh, Navinder J. |
author_facet | Fohringer, Christian Dudka, Ilona Spitzer, Robert Stenbacka, Fredrik Rzhepishevska, Olena Cromsigt, Joris P. G. M. Gröbner, Gerhard Ericsson, Göran Singh, Navinder J. |
author_sort | Fohringer, Christian |
collection | PubMed |
description | 1. With accelerated land conversion and global heating at northern latitudes, it becomes crucial to understand, how life histories of animals in extreme environments adapt to these changes. Animals may either adapt by adjusting foraging behavior or through physiological responses, including adjusting their energy metabolism or both. Until now, it has been difficult to study such adaptations in free‐ranging animals due to methodological constraints that prevent extensive spatiotemporal coverage of ecological and physiological data. 2. Through a novel approach of combining DNA‐metabarcoding and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐based metabolomics, we aim to elucidate the links between diets and metabolism in Scandinavian moose Alces alces over three biogeographic zones using a unique dataset of 265 marked individuals. 3. Based on 17 diet items, we identified four different classes of diet types that match browse species availability in respective ecoregions in northern Sweden. Individuals in the boreal zone consumed predominantly pine and had the least diverse diets, while individuals with highest diet diversity occurred in the coastal areas. Males exhibited lower average diet diversity than females. 4. We identified several molecular markers indicating metabolic constraints linked to diet constraints in terms of food availability during winter. While animals consuming pine had higher lipid, phospocholine, and glycerophosphocholine concentrations in their serum than other diet types, birch‐ and willow/aspen‐rich diets exhibit elevated concentrations of several amino acids. The individuals with highest diet diversity had increased levels of ketone bodies, indicating extensive periods of starvation for these individuals. 5. Our results show how the adaptive capacity of moose at the eco‐physiological level varies over a large eco‐geographic scale and how it responds to land use pressures. In light of extensive ongoing climate and land use changes, these findings pave the way for future scenario building for animal adaptive capacity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8019042 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80190422021-04-08 Integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: How moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones Fohringer, Christian Dudka, Ilona Spitzer, Robert Stenbacka, Fredrik Rzhepishevska, Olena Cromsigt, Joris P. G. M. Gröbner, Gerhard Ericsson, Göran Singh, Navinder J. Ecol Evol Original Research 1. With accelerated land conversion and global heating at northern latitudes, it becomes crucial to understand, how life histories of animals in extreme environments adapt to these changes. Animals may either adapt by adjusting foraging behavior or through physiological responses, including adjusting their energy metabolism or both. Until now, it has been difficult to study such adaptations in free‐ranging animals due to methodological constraints that prevent extensive spatiotemporal coverage of ecological and physiological data. 2. Through a novel approach of combining DNA‐metabarcoding and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐based metabolomics, we aim to elucidate the links between diets and metabolism in Scandinavian moose Alces alces over three biogeographic zones using a unique dataset of 265 marked individuals. 3. Based on 17 diet items, we identified four different classes of diet types that match browse species availability in respective ecoregions in northern Sweden. Individuals in the boreal zone consumed predominantly pine and had the least diverse diets, while individuals with highest diet diversity occurred in the coastal areas. Males exhibited lower average diet diversity than females. 4. We identified several molecular markers indicating metabolic constraints linked to diet constraints in terms of food availability during winter. While animals consuming pine had higher lipid, phospocholine, and glycerophosphocholine concentrations in their serum than other diet types, birch‐ and willow/aspen‐rich diets exhibit elevated concentrations of several amino acids. The individuals with highest diet diversity had increased levels of ketone bodies, indicating extensive periods of starvation for these individuals. 5. Our results show how the adaptive capacity of moose at the eco‐physiological level varies over a large eco‐geographic scale and how it responds to land use pressures. In light of extensive ongoing climate and land use changes, these findings pave the way for future scenario building for animal adaptive capacity. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8019042/ /pubmed/33841775 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7265 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Fohringer, Christian Dudka, Ilona Spitzer, Robert Stenbacka, Fredrik Rzhepishevska, Olena Cromsigt, Joris P. G. M. Gröbner, Gerhard Ericsson, Göran Singh, Navinder J. Integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: How moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones |
title | Integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: How moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones |
title_full | Integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: How moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones |
title_fullStr | Integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: How moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones |
title_full_unstemmed | Integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: How moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones |
title_short | Integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: How moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones |
title_sort | integrating omics to characterize eco‐physiological adaptations: how moose diet and metabolism differ across biogeographic zones |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8019042/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33841775 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7265 |
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