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Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
BACKGROUND: Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Developing new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer (PC) is a significant need. The Chinese herbal medicine Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) have been reported to show anti-tumor ef...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020356/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33841008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.12.007 |
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author | He, Shan Lyu, Fangqiao Lou, Lixia Liu, Lu Li, Songlin Jakowitsch, Johannes Ma, Yan |
author_facet | He, Shan Lyu, Fangqiao Lou, Lixia Liu, Lu Li, Songlin Jakowitsch, Johannes Ma, Yan |
author_sort | He, Shan |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Developing new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer (PC) is a significant need. The Chinese herbal medicine Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) have been reported to show anti-tumor effects. We hypothesized that PQS exhibits anti-cancer activity in human PC cells and we aimed to search for novel biomarkers allowing early diagnosis of PC. METHODS: We used the human PC cell line DU145 and the prostate epithelial cell line PNT2 to perform cell viability assays, flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle, and FACS-based apoptosis assays. Microarray-based gene expression analysis was used to display specific gene expression patterns and to search for novel biomarkers. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to demonstrate the expression levels of multiple cancer-related genes. RESULTS: Our data showed that PQS inhibited the viability of DU145 cells and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. A significant decrease in DU145 cell invasion and migration were observed after 24 h treatment by PQS. PQS up-regulated the expression levels of p21, p53, TMEM79, ACOXL, ETV5, and SPINT1 while it down-regulated the expression levels of bcl2, STAT3, FANCD2, DRD2, and TMPRSS2. CONCLUSION: PQS promoted cells apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells, which suggests that PQS may be effective for treating PC. TMEM79 and ACOXL were expressed significantly higher in PNT2 than in DU145 cells and could be novel biomarker candidates for PC diagnosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8020356 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80203562021-04-08 Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer He, Shan Lyu, Fangqiao Lou, Lixia Liu, Lu Li, Songlin Jakowitsch, Johannes Ma, Yan J Ginseng Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Developing new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer (PC) is a significant need. The Chinese herbal medicine Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) have been reported to show anti-tumor effects. We hypothesized that PQS exhibits anti-cancer activity in human PC cells and we aimed to search for novel biomarkers allowing early diagnosis of PC. METHODS: We used the human PC cell line DU145 and the prostate epithelial cell line PNT2 to perform cell viability assays, flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle, and FACS-based apoptosis assays. Microarray-based gene expression analysis was used to display specific gene expression patterns and to search for novel biomarkers. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to demonstrate the expression levels of multiple cancer-related genes. RESULTS: Our data showed that PQS inhibited the viability of DU145 cells and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. A significant decrease in DU145 cell invasion and migration were observed after 24 h treatment by PQS. PQS up-regulated the expression levels of p21, p53, TMEM79, ACOXL, ETV5, and SPINT1 while it down-regulated the expression levels of bcl2, STAT3, FANCD2, DRD2, and TMPRSS2. CONCLUSION: PQS promoted cells apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells, which suggests that PQS may be effective for treating PC. TMEM79 and ACOXL were expressed significantly higher in PNT2 than in DU145 cells and could be novel biomarker candidates for PC diagnosis. Elsevier 2021-03 2020-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8020356/ /pubmed/33841008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.12.007 Text en © 2020 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article He, Shan Lyu, Fangqiao Lou, Lixia Liu, Lu Li, Songlin Jakowitsch, Johannes Ma, Yan Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer |
title | Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer |
title_full | Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer |
title_fullStr | Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer |
title_short | Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer |
title_sort | anti-tumor activities of panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020356/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33841008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.12.007 |
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