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Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer

BACKGROUND: Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Developing new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer (PC) is a significant need. The Chinese herbal medicine Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) have been reported to show anti-tumor ef...

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Autores principales: He, Shan, Lyu, Fangqiao, Lou, Lixia, Liu, Lu, Li, Songlin, Jakowitsch, Johannes, Ma, Yan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020356/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33841008
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.12.007
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author He, Shan
Lyu, Fangqiao
Lou, Lixia
Liu, Lu
Li, Songlin
Jakowitsch, Johannes
Ma, Yan
author_facet He, Shan
Lyu, Fangqiao
Lou, Lixia
Liu, Lu
Li, Songlin
Jakowitsch, Johannes
Ma, Yan
author_sort He, Shan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Developing new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer (PC) is a significant need. The Chinese herbal medicine Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) have been reported to show anti-tumor effects. We hypothesized that PQS exhibits anti-cancer activity in human PC cells and we aimed to search for novel biomarkers allowing early diagnosis of PC. METHODS: We used the human PC cell line DU145 and the prostate epithelial cell line PNT2 to perform cell viability assays, flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle, and FACS-based apoptosis assays. Microarray-based gene expression analysis was used to display specific gene expression patterns and to search for novel biomarkers. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to demonstrate the expression levels of multiple cancer-related genes. RESULTS: Our data showed that PQS inhibited the viability of DU145 cells and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. A significant decrease in DU145 cell invasion and migration were observed after 24 h treatment by PQS. PQS up-regulated the expression levels of p21, p53, TMEM79, ACOXL, ETV5, and SPINT1 while it down-regulated the expression levels of bcl2, STAT3, FANCD2, DRD2, and TMPRSS2. CONCLUSION: PQS promoted cells apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells, which suggests that PQS may be effective for treating PC. TMEM79 and ACOXL were expressed significantly higher in PNT2 than in DU145 cells and could be novel biomarker candidates for PC diagnosis.
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spelling pubmed-80203562021-04-08 Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer He, Shan Lyu, Fangqiao Lou, Lixia Liu, Lu Li, Songlin Jakowitsch, Johannes Ma, Yan J Ginseng Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Developing new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer (PC) is a significant need. The Chinese herbal medicine Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) have been reported to show anti-tumor effects. We hypothesized that PQS exhibits anti-cancer activity in human PC cells and we aimed to search for novel biomarkers allowing early diagnosis of PC. METHODS: We used the human PC cell line DU145 and the prostate epithelial cell line PNT2 to perform cell viability assays, flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle, and FACS-based apoptosis assays. Microarray-based gene expression analysis was used to display specific gene expression patterns and to search for novel biomarkers. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to demonstrate the expression levels of multiple cancer-related genes. RESULTS: Our data showed that PQS inhibited the viability of DU145 cells and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. A significant decrease in DU145 cell invasion and migration were observed after 24 h treatment by PQS. PQS up-regulated the expression levels of p21, p53, TMEM79, ACOXL, ETV5, and SPINT1 while it down-regulated the expression levels of bcl2, STAT3, FANCD2, DRD2, and TMPRSS2. CONCLUSION: PQS promoted cells apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells, which suggests that PQS may be effective for treating PC. TMEM79 and ACOXL were expressed significantly higher in PNT2 than in DU145 cells and could be novel biomarker candidates for PC diagnosis. Elsevier 2021-03 2020-01-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8020356/ /pubmed/33841008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.12.007 Text en © 2020 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
He, Shan
Lyu, Fangqiao
Lou, Lixia
Liu, Lu
Li, Songlin
Jakowitsch, Johannes
Ma, Yan
Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
title Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
title_full Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
title_fullStr Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
title_full_unstemmed Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
title_short Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
title_sort anti-tumor activities of panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020356/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33841008
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2019.12.007
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