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The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review

The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic, progressive, inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Imbalance in the gut microbial community, or dysbiosis, and the subsequent immune response, represent the critical rela...

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Autores principales: Axelrad, Jordan E., Cadwell, Ken H., Colombel, Jean-Frederic, Shah, Shailja C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020742/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868457
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17562848211004493
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author Axelrad, Jordan E.
Cadwell, Ken H.
Colombel, Jean-Frederic
Shah, Shailja C.
author_facet Axelrad, Jordan E.
Cadwell, Ken H.
Colombel, Jean-Frederic
Shah, Shailja C.
author_sort Axelrad, Jordan E.
collection PubMed
description The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic, progressive, inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Imbalance in the gut microbial community, or dysbiosis, and the subsequent immune response, represent the critical relationship between genetic susceptibility, microbes, and environment factors, that result in IBD. Gastrointestinal pathogens – a common cause of dysbiosis – have been implicated as an environmental trigger in new onset IBD, as well as flare of existing IBD. In this article, we systematically review clinical data regarding the association between specific gastrointestinal pathogens and IBD. Numerous bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites have been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, and exacerbations of existing disease. In this article, we will also specifically discuss the less recognized microbes that have an inverse association with IBD, including certain bacterial pathogens, such as Helicobacter pylori, and parasites, such as Trichuris species. Future prospective and experimental studies are required to establish causality and clarify potential mechanisms of enteric pathogens in modifying the risk and course of IBD.
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spelling pubmed-80207422021-04-16 The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review Axelrad, Jordan E. Cadwell, Ken H. Colombel, Jean-Frederic Shah, Shailja C. Therap Adv Gastroenterol Review The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), comprising Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic, progressive, inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Imbalance in the gut microbial community, or dysbiosis, and the subsequent immune response, represent the critical relationship between genetic susceptibility, microbes, and environment factors, that result in IBD. Gastrointestinal pathogens – a common cause of dysbiosis – have been implicated as an environmental trigger in new onset IBD, as well as flare of existing IBD. In this article, we systematically review clinical data regarding the association between specific gastrointestinal pathogens and IBD. Numerous bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites have been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD, and exacerbations of existing disease. In this article, we will also specifically discuss the less recognized microbes that have an inverse association with IBD, including certain bacterial pathogens, such as Helicobacter pylori, and parasites, such as Trichuris species. Future prospective and experimental studies are required to establish causality and clarify potential mechanisms of enteric pathogens in modifying the risk and course of IBD. SAGE Publications 2021-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8020742/ /pubmed/33868457 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17562848211004493 Text en © The Author(s), 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Review
Axelrad, Jordan E.
Cadwell, Ken H.
Colombel, Jean-Frederic
Shah, Shailja C.
The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review
title The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review
title_full The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review
title_fullStr The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review
title_short The role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review
title_sort role of gastrointestinal pathogens in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020742/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868457
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17562848211004493
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