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Attitudes Toward Asylum Policy in a Divided Europe: Diverging Contexts, Diverging Attitudes?
The large inflow of asylum-seekers in recent years has heralded a diversification in adopted asylum policies across European societies. Although a growing body of research has addressed these versatile approaches and their implications for the European integration project, insight into the social ba...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8022488/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33869442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2020.00035 |
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author | Van Hootegem, Arno Meuleman, Bart Abts, Koen |
author_facet | Van Hootegem, Arno Meuleman, Bart Abts, Koen |
author_sort | Van Hootegem, Arno |
collection | PubMed |
description | The large inflow of asylum-seekers in recent years has heralded a diversification in adopted asylum policies across European societies. Although a growing body of research has addressed these versatile approaches and their implications for the European integration project, insight into the social basis of these restrictive or open asylum policies remains underdeveloped. Hence, the current study provides detailed insight into public preferences for asylum policies and offers a new understanding of how these attitudes are affected by diverging socio-economic realities across Europe. In addition, this paper considers the role of individual factors that coincide with publicly adopted frames in contemporary asylum debates. In particular, to explain how contextual differences reflect on opinion climates, the impacts of the policy, economic, and migratory context are studied. On the individual-level, we focus on threat perception and human values, which represent humanitarian, economic, and cultural frames. To explore these relations, data on 20 countries from the European Social Survey Round 8 (2016) are analyzed through a multilevel structural equation modeling approach. Results indicate that, on the contextual-level, only unemployment rates have a significant impact and, rather surprisingly, lower unemployment rates provoke a more negative opinion climate. Yet, this relationship seems to be largely driven by some specific countries that are characterized by large unemployment rates and relatively positive opinion climates simultaneously. The migratory and policy context, on the other hand, do not influence attitudes toward asylum policy. This indicates that it is not necessarily the countries facing the largest inflow of asylum-seekers or issuing the most positive decisions on asylum applications that have the most restrictive opinion climates. As shown by the important roles of human values and threat perceptions, which represent widely adopted frames, public discourses seem much more important in explaining attitudes toward asylum policy across Europe. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8022488 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80224882021-04-15 Attitudes Toward Asylum Policy in a Divided Europe: Diverging Contexts, Diverging Attitudes? Van Hootegem, Arno Meuleman, Bart Abts, Koen Front Sociol Sociology The large inflow of asylum-seekers in recent years has heralded a diversification in adopted asylum policies across European societies. Although a growing body of research has addressed these versatile approaches and their implications for the European integration project, insight into the social basis of these restrictive or open asylum policies remains underdeveloped. Hence, the current study provides detailed insight into public preferences for asylum policies and offers a new understanding of how these attitudes are affected by diverging socio-economic realities across Europe. In addition, this paper considers the role of individual factors that coincide with publicly adopted frames in contemporary asylum debates. In particular, to explain how contextual differences reflect on opinion climates, the impacts of the policy, economic, and migratory context are studied. On the individual-level, we focus on threat perception and human values, which represent humanitarian, economic, and cultural frames. To explore these relations, data on 20 countries from the European Social Survey Round 8 (2016) are analyzed through a multilevel structural equation modeling approach. Results indicate that, on the contextual-level, only unemployment rates have a significant impact and, rather surprisingly, lower unemployment rates provoke a more negative opinion climate. Yet, this relationship seems to be largely driven by some specific countries that are characterized by large unemployment rates and relatively positive opinion climates simultaneously. The migratory and policy context, on the other hand, do not influence attitudes toward asylum policy. This indicates that it is not necessarily the countries facing the largest inflow of asylum-seekers or issuing the most positive decisions on asylum applications that have the most restrictive opinion climates. As shown by the important roles of human values and threat perceptions, which represent widely adopted frames, public discourses seem much more important in explaining attitudes toward asylum policy across Europe. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8022488/ /pubmed/33869442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2020.00035 Text en Copyright © 2020 Van Hootegem, Meuleman and Abts. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Sociology Van Hootegem, Arno Meuleman, Bart Abts, Koen Attitudes Toward Asylum Policy in a Divided Europe: Diverging Contexts, Diverging Attitudes? |
title | Attitudes Toward Asylum Policy in a Divided Europe: Diverging Contexts, Diverging Attitudes? |
title_full | Attitudes Toward Asylum Policy in a Divided Europe: Diverging Contexts, Diverging Attitudes? |
title_fullStr | Attitudes Toward Asylum Policy in a Divided Europe: Diverging Contexts, Diverging Attitudes? |
title_full_unstemmed | Attitudes Toward Asylum Policy in a Divided Europe: Diverging Contexts, Diverging Attitudes? |
title_short | Attitudes Toward Asylum Policy in a Divided Europe: Diverging Contexts, Diverging Attitudes? |
title_sort | attitudes toward asylum policy in a divided europe: diverging contexts, diverging attitudes? |
topic | Sociology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8022488/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33869442 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2020.00035 |
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