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Exploring the differences in ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey

BACKGROUND: The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is the reference standard for reporting diseases and health conditions globally. Variations in ICD use and data collection across countries can hinder meaningful comparisons of morbidity data. Thus, we aimed to characterize ICD and hospi...

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Autores principales: Otero Varela, Lucia, Doktorchik, Chelsea, Wiebe, Natalie, Quan, Hude, Eastwood, Catherine
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8025494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33827567
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06302-w
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author Otero Varela, Lucia
Doktorchik, Chelsea
Wiebe, Natalie
Quan, Hude
Eastwood, Catherine
author_facet Otero Varela, Lucia
Doktorchik, Chelsea
Wiebe, Natalie
Quan, Hude
Eastwood, Catherine
author_sort Otero Varela, Lucia
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is the reference standard for reporting diseases and health conditions globally. Variations in ICD use and data collection across countries can hinder meaningful comparisons of morbidity data. Thus, we aimed to characterize ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features worldwide. METHODS: An online questionnaire was created to poll the World Health Organization (WHO) member countries that were using ICD. The survey included questions focused on ICD meta-features and hospital data collection systems, and was distributed via SurveyMonkey using purposive and snowball sampling. Accordingly, senior representatives from organizations specialized in the topic, such as WHO Collaborating Centers, and other experts in ICD coding were invited to fill out the survey and forward the questionnaire to their peers. Answers were collated by country, analyzed, and presented in a narrative form with descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Responses from 47 participants were collected, representing 26 different countries using ICD. Results indicated worldwide disparities in the ICD meta-features regarding the maximum allowable coding fields for diagnosis, the definition of main condition, and the mandatory type of data fields in the hospital morbidity database. Accordingly, the most frequently reported answers were “reason for admission” as main condition definition (n = 14), having 31 or more diagnostic fields available (n = 12), and “Diagnoses” (n = 26) and “Patient demographics” (n = 25) for mandatory data fields. Discrepancies in data collection systems occurred between but also within countries, thereby revealing a lack of standardization both at the international and national level. Additionally, some countries reported specific data collection features, including the use or misuse of ICD coding, the national standards for coding or lack thereof, and the electronic abstracting systems utilized in hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Harmonizing ICD coding standards/guidelines should be a common goal to enhance international comparisons of health data. The current international status of ICD data collection highlights the need for the promotion of ICD and the adoption of the newest version, ICD-11. Furthermore, it will encourage further research on how to improve and standardize ICD coding. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06302-w.
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spelling pubmed-80254942021-04-08 Exploring the differences in ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey Otero Varela, Lucia Doktorchik, Chelsea Wiebe, Natalie Quan, Hude Eastwood, Catherine BMC Health Serv Res Research Article BACKGROUND: The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is the reference standard for reporting diseases and health conditions globally. Variations in ICD use and data collection across countries can hinder meaningful comparisons of morbidity data. Thus, we aimed to characterize ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features worldwide. METHODS: An online questionnaire was created to poll the World Health Organization (WHO) member countries that were using ICD. The survey included questions focused on ICD meta-features and hospital data collection systems, and was distributed via SurveyMonkey using purposive and snowball sampling. Accordingly, senior representatives from organizations specialized in the topic, such as WHO Collaborating Centers, and other experts in ICD coding were invited to fill out the survey and forward the questionnaire to their peers. Answers were collated by country, analyzed, and presented in a narrative form with descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Responses from 47 participants were collected, representing 26 different countries using ICD. Results indicated worldwide disparities in the ICD meta-features regarding the maximum allowable coding fields for diagnosis, the definition of main condition, and the mandatory type of data fields in the hospital morbidity database. Accordingly, the most frequently reported answers were “reason for admission” as main condition definition (n = 14), having 31 or more diagnostic fields available (n = 12), and “Diagnoses” (n = 26) and “Patient demographics” (n = 25) for mandatory data fields. Discrepancies in data collection systems occurred between but also within countries, thereby revealing a lack of standardization both at the international and national level. Additionally, some countries reported specific data collection features, including the use or misuse of ICD coding, the national standards for coding or lack thereof, and the electronic abstracting systems utilized in hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Harmonizing ICD coding standards/guidelines should be a common goal to enhance international comparisons of health data. The current international status of ICD data collection highlights the need for the promotion of ICD and the adoption of the newest version, ICD-11. Furthermore, it will encourage further research on how to improve and standardize ICD coding. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06302-w. BioMed Central 2021-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8025494/ /pubmed/33827567 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06302-w Text en © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Otero Varela, Lucia
Doktorchik, Chelsea
Wiebe, Natalie
Quan, Hude
Eastwood, Catherine
Exploring the differences in ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey
title Exploring the differences in ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey
title_full Exploring the differences in ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey
title_fullStr Exploring the differences in ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey
title_full_unstemmed Exploring the differences in ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey
title_short Exploring the differences in ICD and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey
title_sort exploring the differences in icd and hospital morbidity data collection features across countries: an international survey
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8025494/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33827567
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06302-w
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