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High Light Outcoupling Efficiency from Periodically Corrugated OLEDs

[Image: see text] Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) suffer from poor light outcoupling efficiency (η(out) < 20%) due to large internal waveguiding in the high-index layers/substrate, and plasmonic losses at the metal cathode interface. A promising approach to enhance light outcoupling is to u...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Yu, Biswas, Rana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2021
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8028165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33842798
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c00903
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author Zhang, Yu
Biswas, Rana
author_facet Zhang, Yu
Biswas, Rana
author_sort Zhang, Yu
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) suffer from poor light outcoupling efficiency (η(out) < 20%) due to large internal waveguiding in the high-index layers/substrate, and plasmonic losses at the metal cathode interface. A promising approach to enhance light outcoupling is to utilize internal periodic corrugations that can diffract waveguided and plasmonic modes back to the air cone. Although corrugations can strongly diffract trapped modes, the optimal geometry of corrugations and limits to η(out) are not well-established. We develop a general rigorous scattering matrix theory for light emission from corrugated OLEDs, by solving Maxwell’s equations in Fourier space, incorporating the environment-induced modification of the optical emission rate (Purcell effect). We computationally obtain the spectrally emissive power inside and outside the OLED. We find conformally corrugated OLEDs, where all OLED interfaces are conformal with a photonic crystal substrate, having triangular lattice symmetry, exhibit high light outcoupling η(out) ∼60–65%, and an enhancement factor exceeding 3 for optimal pitch values between 1 and 2.5 μm. Waveguided and surface plasmon modes are strongly diffracted to the air cone through first-order diffraction. η(out) is insensitive to corrugation heights larger than 100 nm. There is a gradual roll-off in η(out) for a larger pitch and sharper decreases for small pitch values. Plasmonic losses remain below 10% for all corrugation pitch values. Our predicted OLED designs provide a pathway for achieving very high light outcoupling over the full optical spectrum that can advance organic optoelectronic science and solid-state lighting.
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spelling pubmed-80281652021-04-09 High Light Outcoupling Efficiency from Periodically Corrugated OLEDs Zhang, Yu Biswas, Rana ACS Omega [Image: see text] Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) suffer from poor light outcoupling efficiency (η(out) < 20%) due to large internal waveguiding in the high-index layers/substrate, and plasmonic losses at the metal cathode interface. A promising approach to enhance light outcoupling is to utilize internal periodic corrugations that can diffract waveguided and plasmonic modes back to the air cone. Although corrugations can strongly diffract trapped modes, the optimal geometry of corrugations and limits to η(out) are not well-established. We develop a general rigorous scattering matrix theory for light emission from corrugated OLEDs, by solving Maxwell’s equations in Fourier space, incorporating the environment-induced modification of the optical emission rate (Purcell effect). We computationally obtain the spectrally emissive power inside and outside the OLED. We find conformally corrugated OLEDs, where all OLED interfaces are conformal with a photonic crystal substrate, having triangular lattice symmetry, exhibit high light outcoupling η(out) ∼60–65%, and an enhancement factor exceeding 3 for optimal pitch values between 1 and 2.5 μm. Waveguided and surface plasmon modes are strongly diffracted to the air cone through first-order diffraction. η(out) is insensitive to corrugation heights larger than 100 nm. There is a gradual roll-off in η(out) for a larger pitch and sharper decreases for small pitch values. Plasmonic losses remain below 10% for all corrugation pitch values. Our predicted OLED designs provide a pathway for achieving very high light outcoupling over the full optical spectrum that can advance organic optoelectronic science and solid-state lighting. American Chemical Society 2021-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8028165/ /pubmed/33842798 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c00903 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Zhang, Yu
Biswas, Rana
High Light Outcoupling Efficiency from Periodically Corrugated OLEDs
title High Light Outcoupling Efficiency from Periodically Corrugated OLEDs
title_full High Light Outcoupling Efficiency from Periodically Corrugated OLEDs
title_fullStr High Light Outcoupling Efficiency from Periodically Corrugated OLEDs
title_full_unstemmed High Light Outcoupling Efficiency from Periodically Corrugated OLEDs
title_short High Light Outcoupling Efficiency from Periodically Corrugated OLEDs
title_sort high light outcoupling efficiency from periodically corrugated oleds
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8028165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33842798
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c00903
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