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Near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in Telangana, India: a population-based cross-sectional study
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of near-vision impairment (NVI) and effective spectacle coverage for near vision in those aged ≥40 years in Khammam and Warangal district in Telangana, India. DESIGN: A population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING: Khammam and Warangal district in Telanga...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8030469/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33820793 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047131 |
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author | Marmamula, Srinivas Keeffe, Jill Challa, Rajesh Mohd, Javed Khanna, Rohit C |
author_facet | Marmamula, Srinivas Keeffe, Jill Challa, Rajesh Mohd, Javed Khanna, Rohit C |
author_sort | Marmamula, Srinivas |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of near-vision impairment (NVI) and effective spectacle coverage for near vision in those aged ≥40 years in Khammam and Warangal district in Telangana, India. DESIGN: A population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING: Khammam and Warangal district in Telangana, India. PARTICIPANTS: Of 6000 people enumerated, 5357 were examined (89%). 4526 participants without distance vision impairment were included in the analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The study teams visited selected households and conducted eye examinations. NVI was defined as binocular presenting near vision worse than N6. ‘Unmet need’ was deemed to be present if the unaided near vision was worse than N6 and improved to N6 with near correction among the participants who did not have spectacles for near vision. ‘Met need’ was deemed to be present when unaided near vision was worse than N6 but improving to N6 with their spectacles. The ‘undermet need’ was deemed to be present when aided near vision was worse than N6 but improved to N6 with correction. Based on these definitions, e-near-vision coverage (%) is calculated as follows: e-NVC (%)=met need/(met need+undermet need+unmet need) × 100. RESULTS: The mean age was 53.5 years (SD: 10.8 years), 2534/4526 (55.8%) were women, 1819/4526 (41.8%) had at least primary school education and 2368/4526 (52.3%) were from the Khammam district. The prevalence of NVI was 55.8% (95% CI 72.5 to 75.1; n=3343). Overall, the e-NVC (%) was 31.8%. It was 40.0% in Khammam and 23.2% in Warangal. CONCLUSION: NVI is common in Khammam and Warangal districts in Telangana with inadequate effective near-vision coverage. Effective service delivery models are needed to reach out and provide services to address NVI to achieve universal eye health coverage in the region. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8030469 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80304692021-04-27 Near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in Telangana, India: a population-based cross-sectional study Marmamula, Srinivas Keeffe, Jill Challa, Rajesh Mohd, Javed Khanna, Rohit C BMJ Open Ophthalmology OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of near-vision impairment (NVI) and effective spectacle coverage for near vision in those aged ≥40 years in Khammam and Warangal district in Telangana, India. DESIGN: A population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING: Khammam and Warangal district in Telangana, India. PARTICIPANTS: Of 6000 people enumerated, 5357 were examined (89%). 4526 participants without distance vision impairment were included in the analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The study teams visited selected households and conducted eye examinations. NVI was defined as binocular presenting near vision worse than N6. ‘Unmet need’ was deemed to be present if the unaided near vision was worse than N6 and improved to N6 with near correction among the participants who did not have spectacles for near vision. ‘Met need’ was deemed to be present when unaided near vision was worse than N6 but improving to N6 with their spectacles. The ‘undermet need’ was deemed to be present when aided near vision was worse than N6 but improved to N6 with correction. Based on these definitions, e-near-vision coverage (%) is calculated as follows: e-NVC (%)=met need/(met need+undermet need+unmet need) × 100. RESULTS: The mean age was 53.5 years (SD: 10.8 years), 2534/4526 (55.8%) were women, 1819/4526 (41.8%) had at least primary school education and 2368/4526 (52.3%) were from the Khammam district. The prevalence of NVI was 55.8% (95% CI 72.5 to 75.1; n=3343). Overall, the e-NVC (%) was 31.8%. It was 40.0% in Khammam and 23.2% in Warangal. CONCLUSION: NVI is common in Khammam and Warangal districts in Telangana with inadequate effective near-vision coverage. Effective service delivery models are needed to reach out and provide services to address NVI to achieve universal eye health coverage in the region. BMJ Publishing Group 2021-04-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8030469/ /pubmed/33820793 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047131 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Ophthalmology Marmamula, Srinivas Keeffe, Jill Challa, Rajesh Mohd, Javed Khanna, Rohit C Near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in Telangana, India: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title | Near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in Telangana, India: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_full | Near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in Telangana, India: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_fullStr | Near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in Telangana, India: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_full_unstemmed | Near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in Telangana, India: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_short | Near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in Telangana, India: a population-based cross-sectional study |
title_sort | near-vision impairment and effective near-vision spectacle coverage in two districts in telangana, india: a population-based cross-sectional study |
topic | Ophthalmology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8030469/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33820793 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047131 |
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