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Maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers
Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy followed by ad libitum access to nutrients during postnatal life induces postnatal metabolic disruptions in multiple species. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate postnatal growth, metabolism, and development of beef heifers exposed to late gest...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8031383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33831110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249924 |
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author | Long, John M. Trubenbach, Levi A. Hobbs, Kenneth C. Poletti, Andrew E. Steinhauser, Chelsie B. Pryor, Jane H. Long, Charles R. Wickersham, Tryon A. Sawyer, Jason E. Miller, Rhonda K. Cardoso, Rodolfo C. Satterfield, Michael Carey |
author_facet | Long, John M. Trubenbach, Levi A. Hobbs, Kenneth C. Poletti, Andrew E. Steinhauser, Chelsie B. Pryor, Jane H. Long, Charles R. Wickersham, Tryon A. Sawyer, Jason E. Miller, Rhonda K. Cardoso, Rodolfo C. Satterfield, Michael Carey |
author_sort | Long, John M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy followed by ad libitum access to nutrients during postnatal life induces postnatal metabolic disruptions in multiple species. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate postnatal growth, metabolism, and development of beef heifers exposed to late gestation maternal nutrient restriction. Pregnancies were generated via transfer of in vitro embryos produced using X-bearing sperm from a single Angus sire. Pregnant dams were randomly assigned to receive either 100% (control; n = 9) or 70% (restricted; n = 9) of their total energy requirements from gestational day 158 to parturition. From post-natal day (PND) 301 until slaughter (PND485), heifers were individually fed ad libitum in a Calan gate facility. Calves from restricted dams were lighter than controls at birth (P<0.05) through PND70 (P<0.05) with no difference in body weight from PND105 through PND485 (P>0.10). To assess pancreatic function, glucose tolerance tests were performed on PND315 and PND482 and a diet effect was seen with glucose area under the curve being greater (P<0.05) in calves born to restricted dams compared to controls. At slaughter, total internal fat was greater (P<0.05) in heifers born to restricted dams, while whole pituitary weight was lighter (P<0.05). Heifers from restricted dams had fewer growth hormone-positive cells (somatotrophs) compared to controls (P<0.05). Results demonstrate an impaired ability to clear peripheral glucose in heifers born to restricted dams leading to increased deposition of internal fat. A reduction in the number of somatotrophs may contribute to the adipogenic phenotype of heifers born to restricted dams due to growth hormone’s known anabolic roles in growth, lipolysis, and pancreatic islet function. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8031383 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80313832021-04-14 Maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers Long, John M. Trubenbach, Levi A. Hobbs, Kenneth C. Poletti, Andrew E. Steinhauser, Chelsie B. Pryor, Jane H. Long, Charles R. Wickersham, Tryon A. Sawyer, Jason E. Miller, Rhonda K. Cardoso, Rodolfo C. Satterfield, Michael Carey PLoS One Research Article Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy followed by ad libitum access to nutrients during postnatal life induces postnatal metabolic disruptions in multiple species. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate postnatal growth, metabolism, and development of beef heifers exposed to late gestation maternal nutrient restriction. Pregnancies were generated via transfer of in vitro embryos produced using X-bearing sperm from a single Angus sire. Pregnant dams were randomly assigned to receive either 100% (control; n = 9) or 70% (restricted; n = 9) of their total energy requirements from gestational day 158 to parturition. From post-natal day (PND) 301 until slaughter (PND485), heifers were individually fed ad libitum in a Calan gate facility. Calves from restricted dams were lighter than controls at birth (P<0.05) through PND70 (P<0.05) with no difference in body weight from PND105 through PND485 (P>0.10). To assess pancreatic function, glucose tolerance tests were performed on PND315 and PND482 and a diet effect was seen with glucose area under the curve being greater (P<0.05) in calves born to restricted dams compared to controls. At slaughter, total internal fat was greater (P<0.05) in heifers born to restricted dams, while whole pituitary weight was lighter (P<0.05). Heifers from restricted dams had fewer growth hormone-positive cells (somatotrophs) compared to controls (P<0.05). Results demonstrate an impaired ability to clear peripheral glucose in heifers born to restricted dams leading to increased deposition of internal fat. A reduction in the number of somatotrophs may contribute to the adipogenic phenotype of heifers born to restricted dams due to growth hormone’s known anabolic roles in growth, lipolysis, and pancreatic islet function. Public Library of Science 2021-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8031383/ /pubmed/33831110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249924 Text en © 2021 Long et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Long, John M. Trubenbach, Levi A. Hobbs, Kenneth C. Poletti, Andrew E. Steinhauser, Chelsie B. Pryor, Jane H. Long, Charles R. Wickersham, Tryon A. Sawyer, Jason E. Miller, Rhonda K. Cardoso, Rodolfo C. Satterfield, Michael Carey Maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers |
title | Maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers |
title_full | Maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers |
title_fullStr | Maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers |
title_full_unstemmed | Maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers |
title_short | Maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers |
title_sort | maternal nutrient restriction in late pregnancy programs postnatal metabolism and pituitary development in beef heifers |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8031383/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33831110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249924 |
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