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Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior

Current dominant views hold that perceptual confidence reflects the probability that a decision is correct. Although these views have enjoyed some empirical support, recent behavioral results indicate that confidence and the probability of being correct can be dissociated. An alternative hypothesis...

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Autores principales: Maniscalco, Brian, Odegaard, Brian, Grimaldi, Piercesare, Cho, Seong Hah, Basso, Michele A., Lau, Hakwan, Peters, Megan A. K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8032199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33780449
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008779
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author Maniscalco, Brian
Odegaard, Brian
Grimaldi, Piercesare
Cho, Seong Hah
Basso, Michele A.
Lau, Hakwan
Peters, Megan A. K.
author_facet Maniscalco, Brian
Odegaard, Brian
Grimaldi, Piercesare
Cho, Seong Hah
Basso, Michele A.
Lau, Hakwan
Peters, Megan A. K.
author_sort Maniscalco, Brian
collection PubMed
description Current dominant views hold that perceptual confidence reflects the probability that a decision is correct. Although these views have enjoyed some empirical support, recent behavioral results indicate that confidence and the probability of being correct can be dissociated. An alternative hypothesis suggests that confidence instead reflects the magnitude of evidence in favor of a decision while being relatively insensitive to the evidence opposing the decision. We considered how this alternative hypothesis might be biologically instantiated by developing a simple neural network model incorporating a known property of sensory neurons: tuned inhibition. The key idea of the model is that the level of inhibition that each accumulator unit receives from units with the opposite tuning preference, i.e. its inhibition ‘tuning’, dictates its contribution to perceptual decisions versus confidence judgments, such that units with higher tuned inhibition (computing relative evidence for different perceptual interpretations) determine perceptual discrimination decisions, and units with lower tuned inhibition (computing absolute evidence) determine confidence. We demonstrate that this biologically plausible model can account for several counterintuitive findings reported in the literature where confidence and decision accuracy dissociate. By comparing model fits, we further demonstrate that a full complement of behavioral data across several previously published experimental results—including accuracy, reaction time, mean confidence, and metacognitive sensitivity—is best accounted for when confidence is computed from units without, rather than units with, tuned inhibition. Finally, we discuss predictions of our results and model for future neurobiological studies. These findings suggest that the brain has developed and implements this alternative, heuristic theory of perceptual confidence computation by relying on the diversity of neural resources available.
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spelling pubmed-80321992021-04-15 Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior Maniscalco, Brian Odegaard, Brian Grimaldi, Piercesare Cho, Seong Hah Basso, Michele A. Lau, Hakwan Peters, Megan A. K. PLoS Comput Biol Research Article Current dominant views hold that perceptual confidence reflects the probability that a decision is correct. Although these views have enjoyed some empirical support, recent behavioral results indicate that confidence and the probability of being correct can be dissociated. An alternative hypothesis suggests that confidence instead reflects the magnitude of evidence in favor of a decision while being relatively insensitive to the evidence opposing the decision. We considered how this alternative hypothesis might be biologically instantiated by developing a simple neural network model incorporating a known property of sensory neurons: tuned inhibition. The key idea of the model is that the level of inhibition that each accumulator unit receives from units with the opposite tuning preference, i.e. its inhibition ‘tuning’, dictates its contribution to perceptual decisions versus confidence judgments, such that units with higher tuned inhibition (computing relative evidence for different perceptual interpretations) determine perceptual discrimination decisions, and units with lower tuned inhibition (computing absolute evidence) determine confidence. We demonstrate that this biologically plausible model can account for several counterintuitive findings reported in the literature where confidence and decision accuracy dissociate. By comparing model fits, we further demonstrate that a full complement of behavioral data across several previously published experimental results—including accuracy, reaction time, mean confidence, and metacognitive sensitivity—is best accounted for when confidence is computed from units without, rather than units with, tuned inhibition. Finally, we discuss predictions of our results and model for future neurobiological studies. These findings suggest that the brain has developed and implements this alternative, heuristic theory of perceptual confidence computation by relying on the diversity of neural resources available. Public Library of Science 2021-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8032199/ /pubmed/33780449 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008779 Text en © 2021 Maniscalco et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Maniscalco, Brian
Odegaard, Brian
Grimaldi, Piercesare
Cho, Seong Hah
Basso, Michele A.
Lau, Hakwan
Peters, Megan A. K.
Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior
title Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior
title_full Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior
title_fullStr Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior
title_full_unstemmed Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior
title_short Tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior
title_sort tuned inhibition in perceptual decision-making circuits can explain seemingly suboptimal confidence behavior
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8032199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33780449
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008779
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