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Therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies

Though outcomes for pediatric cancer patients have significantly improved over the past several decades, too many children still experience poor outcomes and survivors suffer lifelong, debilitating late effects after conventional chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical treatment. Consequently, there h...

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Autores principales: Olsen, Hannah E, Lynn, Geoffrey M, Valdes, Pablo A, Cerecedo Lopez, Christian D, Ishizuka, Andrew S, Arnaout, Omar, Bi, W Linda, Peruzzi, Pier Paolo, Chiocca, E Antonio, Friedman, Gregory K, Bernstock, Joshua D
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8034661/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33860227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab027
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author Olsen, Hannah E
Lynn, Geoffrey M
Valdes, Pablo A
Cerecedo Lopez, Christian D
Ishizuka, Andrew S
Arnaout, Omar
Bi, W Linda
Peruzzi, Pier Paolo
Chiocca, E Antonio
Friedman, Gregory K
Bernstock, Joshua D
author_facet Olsen, Hannah E
Lynn, Geoffrey M
Valdes, Pablo A
Cerecedo Lopez, Christian D
Ishizuka, Andrew S
Arnaout, Omar
Bi, W Linda
Peruzzi, Pier Paolo
Chiocca, E Antonio
Friedman, Gregory K
Bernstock, Joshua D
author_sort Olsen, Hannah E
collection PubMed
description Though outcomes for pediatric cancer patients have significantly improved over the past several decades, too many children still experience poor outcomes and survivors suffer lifelong, debilitating late effects after conventional chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical treatment. Consequently, there has been a renewed focus on developing novel targeted therapies to improve survival outcomes. Cancer vaccines are a promising type of immunotherapy that leverage the immune system to mediate targeted, tumor-specific killing through recognition of tumor antigens, thereby minimizing off-target toxicity. As such, cancer vaccines are orthogonal to conventional cancer treatments and can therefore be used alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities to maximize efficacy. To date, cancer vaccination has remained largely understudied in the pediatric population. In this review, we discuss the different types of tumor antigens and vaccine technologies (dendritic cells, peptides, nucleic acids, and viral vectors) evaluated in clinical trials, with a focus on those used in children. We conclude with perspectives on how advances in combination therapies, tumor antigen (eg, neoantigen) selection, and vaccine platform optimization can be translated into clinical practice to improve outcomes for children with cancer.
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spelling pubmed-80346612021-04-14 Therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies Olsen, Hannah E Lynn, Geoffrey M Valdes, Pablo A Cerecedo Lopez, Christian D Ishizuka, Andrew S Arnaout, Omar Bi, W Linda Peruzzi, Pier Paolo Chiocca, E Antonio Friedman, Gregory K Bernstock, Joshua D Neurooncol Adv Reviews Though outcomes for pediatric cancer patients have significantly improved over the past several decades, too many children still experience poor outcomes and survivors suffer lifelong, debilitating late effects after conventional chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical treatment. Consequently, there has been a renewed focus on developing novel targeted therapies to improve survival outcomes. Cancer vaccines are a promising type of immunotherapy that leverage the immune system to mediate targeted, tumor-specific killing through recognition of tumor antigens, thereby minimizing off-target toxicity. As such, cancer vaccines are orthogonal to conventional cancer treatments and can therefore be used alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities to maximize efficacy. To date, cancer vaccination has remained largely understudied in the pediatric population. In this review, we discuss the different types of tumor antigens and vaccine technologies (dendritic cells, peptides, nucleic acids, and viral vectors) evaluated in clinical trials, with a focus on those used in children. We conclude with perspectives on how advances in combination therapies, tumor antigen (eg, neoantigen) selection, and vaccine platform optimization can be translated into clinical practice to improve outcomes for children with cancer. Oxford University Press 2021-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8034661/ /pubmed/33860227 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab027 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press, the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Reviews
Olsen, Hannah E
Lynn, Geoffrey M
Valdes, Pablo A
Cerecedo Lopez, Christian D
Ishizuka, Andrew S
Arnaout, Omar
Bi, W Linda
Peruzzi, Pier Paolo
Chiocca, E Antonio
Friedman, Gregory K
Bernstock, Joshua D
Therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies
title Therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies
title_full Therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies
title_fullStr Therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies
title_full_unstemmed Therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies
title_short Therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies
title_sort therapeutic cancer vaccines for pediatric malignancies: advances, challenges, and emerging technologies
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8034661/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33860227
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab027
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