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Progression of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease by Sex and Motor Laterality

Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) can start up to a decade before motor manifestations and strongly correlate with the quality of life. Understanding patterns of NMS can provide clues to the incipient site of PD pathology. Our goal was to systematically characterize the progre...

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Autores principales: Kurlawala, Zimple, Shadowen, Paul H., McMillan, Joseph D., Beverly, Levi J, Friedland, Robert P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8035033/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868631
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8898887
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author Kurlawala, Zimple
Shadowen, Paul H.
McMillan, Joseph D.
Beverly, Levi J
Friedland, Robert P.
author_facet Kurlawala, Zimple
Shadowen, Paul H.
McMillan, Joseph D.
Beverly, Levi J
Friedland, Robert P.
author_sort Kurlawala, Zimple
collection PubMed
description Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) can start up to a decade before motor manifestations and strongly correlate with the quality of life. Understanding patterns of NMS can provide clues to the incipient site of PD pathology. Our goal was to systematically characterize the progression of NMS in PD (n = 489), compared to healthy controls, HC (n = 241), based on the sex of the subjects and laterality of motor symptom onset. Additionally, NMS experienced at the onset of PD were also compared to subjects with scans without dopaminergic deficit, SWEDD (n = 81). The Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database was utilized to analyze several NMS scales. NMS experienced by PD and SWEDD cohorts were significantly higher than HC and both sex and laterality influenced several NMS scales at the onset of motor symptoms. Sex Differences. PD males experienced significant worsening of sexual, urinary, sleep, and cognitive functions compared to PD females. PD females reported significantly increased thermoregulatory dysfunction and anxious mood over 7 years and significantly more constipation during the first 4 years after PD onset. Laterality Differences. At onset, PD subjects with right-sided motor predominance reported significantly higher autonomic dysfunction. Subjects with left-sided motor predominance experienced significantly more anxious mood at onset which continued as Parkinson's progressed. In conclusion, males experienced increased NMS burden in Parkinson's disease. Laterality of motor symptoms did not significantly influence NMS progression, except anxious mood. We analyzed NMS in a large cohort of PD patients, and these data are valuable to improve PD patients' quality of life by therapeutically alleviating nonmotor symptoms.
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spelling pubmed-80350332021-04-15 Progression of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease by Sex and Motor Laterality Kurlawala, Zimple Shadowen, Paul H. McMillan, Joseph D. Beverly, Levi J Friedland, Robert P. Parkinsons Dis Research Article Nonmotor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) can start up to a decade before motor manifestations and strongly correlate with the quality of life. Understanding patterns of NMS can provide clues to the incipient site of PD pathology. Our goal was to systematically characterize the progression of NMS in PD (n = 489), compared to healthy controls, HC (n = 241), based on the sex of the subjects and laterality of motor symptom onset. Additionally, NMS experienced at the onset of PD were also compared to subjects with scans without dopaminergic deficit, SWEDD (n = 81). The Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database was utilized to analyze several NMS scales. NMS experienced by PD and SWEDD cohorts were significantly higher than HC and both sex and laterality influenced several NMS scales at the onset of motor symptoms. Sex Differences. PD males experienced significant worsening of sexual, urinary, sleep, and cognitive functions compared to PD females. PD females reported significantly increased thermoregulatory dysfunction and anxious mood over 7 years and significantly more constipation during the first 4 years after PD onset. Laterality Differences. At onset, PD subjects with right-sided motor predominance reported significantly higher autonomic dysfunction. Subjects with left-sided motor predominance experienced significantly more anxious mood at onset which continued as Parkinson's progressed. In conclusion, males experienced increased NMS burden in Parkinson's disease. Laterality of motor symptoms did not significantly influence NMS progression, except anxious mood. We analyzed NMS in a large cohort of PD patients, and these data are valuable to improve PD patients' quality of life by therapeutically alleviating nonmotor symptoms. Hindawi 2021-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8035033/ /pubmed/33868631 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8898887 Text en Copyright © 2021 Zimple Kurlawala et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kurlawala, Zimple
Shadowen, Paul H.
McMillan, Joseph D.
Beverly, Levi J
Friedland, Robert P.
Progression of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease by Sex and Motor Laterality
title Progression of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease by Sex and Motor Laterality
title_full Progression of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease by Sex and Motor Laterality
title_fullStr Progression of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease by Sex and Motor Laterality
title_full_unstemmed Progression of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease by Sex and Motor Laterality
title_short Progression of Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease by Sex and Motor Laterality
title_sort progression of nonmotor symptoms in parkinson's disease by sex and motor laterality
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8035033/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868631
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8898887
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