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An architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections

Structural connections between cortical areas form an intricate network with a high degree of specificity. Many aspects of this complex network organization in the adult mammalian cortex are captured by an architectonic type principle, which relates structural connections to the architectonic differ...

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Autores principales: Beul, Sarah F., Goulas, Alexandros, Hilgetag, Claus C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8036174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33559742
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02219-6
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author Beul, Sarah F.
Goulas, Alexandros
Hilgetag, Claus C.
author_facet Beul, Sarah F.
Goulas, Alexandros
Hilgetag, Claus C.
author_sort Beul, Sarah F.
collection PubMed
description Structural connections between cortical areas form an intricate network with a high degree of specificity. Many aspects of this complex network organization in the adult mammalian cortex are captured by an architectonic type principle, which relates structural connections to the architectonic differentiation of brain regions. In particular, the laminar patterns of projection origins are a prominent feature of structural connections that varies in a graded manner with the relative architectonic differentiation of connected areas in the adult brain. Here we show that the architectonic type principle is already apparent for the laminar origins of cortico-cortical projections in the immature cortex of the macaque monkey. We find that prenatal and neonatal laminar patterns correlate with cortical architectonic differentiation, and that the relation of laminar patterns to architectonic differences between connected areas is not substantially altered by the complete loss of visual input. Moreover, we find that the degree of change in laminar patterns that projections undergo during development varies in proportion to the relative architectonic differentiation of the connected areas. Hence, it appears that initial biases in laminar projection patterns become progressively strengthened by later developmental processes. These findings suggest that early neurogenetic processes during the formation of the brain are sufficient to establish the characteristic laminar projection patterns. This conclusion is in line with previously suggested mechanistic explanations underlying the emergence of the architectonic type principle and provides further constraints for exploring the fundamental factors that shape structural connectivity in the mammalian brain. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00429-021-02219-6.
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spelling pubmed-80361742021-04-27 An architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections Beul, Sarah F. Goulas, Alexandros Hilgetag, Claus C. Brain Struct Funct Original Article Structural connections between cortical areas form an intricate network with a high degree of specificity. Many aspects of this complex network organization in the adult mammalian cortex are captured by an architectonic type principle, which relates structural connections to the architectonic differentiation of brain regions. In particular, the laminar patterns of projection origins are a prominent feature of structural connections that varies in a graded manner with the relative architectonic differentiation of connected areas in the adult brain. Here we show that the architectonic type principle is already apparent for the laminar origins of cortico-cortical projections in the immature cortex of the macaque monkey. We find that prenatal and neonatal laminar patterns correlate with cortical architectonic differentiation, and that the relation of laminar patterns to architectonic differences between connected areas is not substantially altered by the complete loss of visual input. Moreover, we find that the degree of change in laminar patterns that projections undergo during development varies in proportion to the relative architectonic differentiation of the connected areas. Hence, it appears that initial biases in laminar projection patterns become progressively strengthened by later developmental processes. These findings suggest that early neurogenetic processes during the formation of the brain are sufficient to establish the characteristic laminar projection patterns. This conclusion is in line with previously suggested mechanistic explanations underlying the emergence of the architectonic type principle and provides further constraints for exploring the fundamental factors that shape structural connectivity in the mammalian brain. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00429-021-02219-6. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021-02-09 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8036174/ /pubmed/33559742 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02219-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
Beul, Sarah F.
Goulas, Alexandros
Hilgetag, Claus C.
An architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections
title An architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections
title_full An architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections
title_fullStr An architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections
title_full_unstemmed An architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections
title_short An architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections
title_sort architectonic type principle in the development of laminar patterns of cortico-cortical connections
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8036174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33559742
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02219-6
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