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Clinical Significance of Tumor Microenvironment in Acral Melanoma: A Large Single-Institution Study of Caucasians

Background: The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in many studies is associated with a better prognosis in melanoma patients. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression has a significant value in predicting several cancers, but its role in melanoma remains ambiguous. The study aims...

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Autores principales: Borkowska, Aneta Maria, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz, Anna, Chraszczewska, Maria, Sokół, Kamil, Goryń, Tomasz, Rutkowski, Piotr Łukasz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8036823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916279
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071452
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author Borkowska, Aneta Maria
Szumera-Ciećkiewicz, Anna
Chraszczewska, Maria
Sokół, Kamil
Goryń, Tomasz
Rutkowski, Piotr Łukasz
author_facet Borkowska, Aneta Maria
Szumera-Ciećkiewicz, Anna
Chraszczewska, Maria
Sokół, Kamil
Goryń, Tomasz
Rutkowski, Piotr Łukasz
author_sort Borkowska, Aneta Maria
collection PubMed
description Background: The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in many studies is associated with a better prognosis in melanoma patients. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression has a significant value in predicting several cancers, but its role in melanoma remains ambiguous. The study aims to report a comprehensive analysis of TILs characteristics and their impact on survival in primary acral melanoma (AM). Methods: Clinical and pathological features and survival outcomes were investigated in 70 patients with AM. Immunohistochemical quantitative analysis of TILs, including expression of CD4, CD8, FOXP3, PD-1, and PD-L1, on melanoma cells was performed. Results: Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significant differences in overall survival (OS) for CD4+ (p = 0.021), CD8+ (p = 0.037), FOXP3+ (p = 0.007), and TILs density (p = 0.043). In univariate analysis of immunohistochemical features, FOXP3, CD4, CD8, PD-1, and Melanoma Institute of Australia (MIA) grading TILs (grade, density, and distribution) were correlated with survival. The higher density of FOXP3-positive cells was an independent factor associated with better survival. Conclusions: High TILs content (classed as brisk Clark scale and marked/diffuse TILs MIA grade) regardless of its immunophenotype was associated with better survival outcomes in AM. PD-L1 expression on tumor cells did not influence OS and was independent of clinical and pathological characteristics. We demonstrated that TILs are significant biomarkers in sentinel lymph node status prediction.
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spelling pubmed-80368232021-04-12 Clinical Significance of Tumor Microenvironment in Acral Melanoma: A Large Single-Institution Study of Caucasians Borkowska, Aneta Maria Szumera-Ciećkiewicz, Anna Chraszczewska, Maria Sokół, Kamil Goryń, Tomasz Rutkowski, Piotr Łukasz J Clin Med Article Background: The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in many studies is associated with a better prognosis in melanoma patients. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression has a significant value in predicting several cancers, but its role in melanoma remains ambiguous. The study aims to report a comprehensive analysis of TILs characteristics and their impact on survival in primary acral melanoma (AM). Methods: Clinical and pathological features and survival outcomes were investigated in 70 patients with AM. Immunohistochemical quantitative analysis of TILs, including expression of CD4, CD8, FOXP3, PD-1, and PD-L1, on melanoma cells was performed. Results: Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significant differences in overall survival (OS) for CD4+ (p = 0.021), CD8+ (p = 0.037), FOXP3+ (p = 0.007), and TILs density (p = 0.043). In univariate analysis of immunohistochemical features, FOXP3, CD4, CD8, PD-1, and Melanoma Institute of Australia (MIA) grading TILs (grade, density, and distribution) were correlated with survival. The higher density of FOXP3-positive cells was an independent factor associated with better survival. Conclusions: High TILs content (classed as brisk Clark scale and marked/diffuse TILs MIA grade) regardless of its immunophenotype was associated with better survival outcomes in AM. PD-L1 expression on tumor cells did not influence OS and was independent of clinical and pathological characteristics. We demonstrated that TILs are significant biomarkers in sentinel lymph node status prediction. MDPI 2021-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8036823/ /pubmed/33916279 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071452 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Borkowska, Aneta Maria
Szumera-Ciećkiewicz, Anna
Chraszczewska, Maria
Sokół, Kamil
Goryń, Tomasz
Rutkowski, Piotr Łukasz
Clinical Significance of Tumor Microenvironment in Acral Melanoma: A Large Single-Institution Study of Caucasians
title Clinical Significance of Tumor Microenvironment in Acral Melanoma: A Large Single-Institution Study of Caucasians
title_full Clinical Significance of Tumor Microenvironment in Acral Melanoma: A Large Single-Institution Study of Caucasians
title_fullStr Clinical Significance of Tumor Microenvironment in Acral Melanoma: A Large Single-Institution Study of Caucasians
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Significance of Tumor Microenvironment in Acral Melanoma: A Large Single-Institution Study of Caucasians
title_short Clinical Significance of Tumor Microenvironment in Acral Melanoma: A Large Single-Institution Study of Caucasians
title_sort clinical significance of tumor microenvironment in acral melanoma: a large single-institution study of caucasians
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8036823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33916279
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071452
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