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Effects of Exercise on the Oral Microbiota and Saliva of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Exercise can be hypothesized to play an important role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment by changing the oral bacterial flora and in the mechanism underlying periodontal disease. We performed salivary component analysis before and after an exercise regimen, and genome analysis o...

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Autores principales: Uchida, Fumihiko, Oh, Sechang, Shida, Takashi, Suzuki, Hideo, Yamagata, Kenji, Mizokami, Yuji, Bukawa, Hiroki, Tanaka, Kiyoji, Shoda, Junichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8036855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33810609
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073470
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author Uchida, Fumihiko
Oh, Sechang
Shida, Takashi
Suzuki, Hideo
Yamagata, Kenji
Mizokami, Yuji
Bukawa, Hiroki
Tanaka, Kiyoji
Shoda, Junichi
author_facet Uchida, Fumihiko
Oh, Sechang
Shida, Takashi
Suzuki, Hideo
Yamagata, Kenji
Mizokami, Yuji
Bukawa, Hiroki
Tanaka, Kiyoji
Shoda, Junichi
author_sort Uchida, Fumihiko
collection PubMed
description Exercise can be hypothesized to play an important role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment by changing the oral bacterial flora and in the mechanism underlying periodontal disease. We performed salivary component analysis before and after an exercise regimen, and genome analysis of the oral bacterial flora to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Obese middle-aged men with NAFLD and periodontal disease were allocated to 12-week exercise (n = 49) or dietary restriction (n = 21) groups. We collected saliva to compare the oral microflora; performed predictive analysis of metagenomic functions; and, measured the salivary immunoglobulin A, cytokine, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and lactoferrin concentrations. The exercise group showed improvements in the clinical indices of oral environment. Salivary component analysis revealed significant reductions in LPS, and lactoferrin during the exercise regimen. Diversity analysis of oral bacterial flora revealed higher alpha- and beta-diversity after the exercise regimen. Analysis of the microbial composition revealed that the numbers of Campylobacter (+83.9%), Corynebacterium (+142.3%), Actinomyces (+75.9%), and Lautropia (+172.9%) were significantly higher, and that of Prevotella (−28.3%) was significantly lower. The findings suggest that an exercise regimen improves the oral environment of NAFLD patients by increasing the diversity of the oral microflora and reducing the number of periodontal bacteria that produce LPS and its capability.
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spelling pubmed-80368552021-04-12 Effects of Exercise on the Oral Microbiota and Saliva of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Uchida, Fumihiko Oh, Sechang Shida, Takashi Suzuki, Hideo Yamagata, Kenji Mizokami, Yuji Bukawa, Hiroki Tanaka, Kiyoji Shoda, Junichi Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Exercise can be hypothesized to play an important role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment by changing the oral bacterial flora and in the mechanism underlying periodontal disease. We performed salivary component analysis before and after an exercise regimen, and genome analysis of the oral bacterial flora to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Obese middle-aged men with NAFLD and periodontal disease were allocated to 12-week exercise (n = 49) or dietary restriction (n = 21) groups. We collected saliva to compare the oral microflora; performed predictive analysis of metagenomic functions; and, measured the salivary immunoglobulin A, cytokine, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and lactoferrin concentrations. The exercise group showed improvements in the clinical indices of oral environment. Salivary component analysis revealed significant reductions in LPS, and lactoferrin during the exercise regimen. Diversity analysis of oral bacterial flora revealed higher alpha- and beta-diversity after the exercise regimen. Analysis of the microbial composition revealed that the numbers of Campylobacter (+83.9%), Corynebacterium (+142.3%), Actinomyces (+75.9%), and Lautropia (+172.9%) were significantly higher, and that of Prevotella (−28.3%) was significantly lower. The findings suggest that an exercise regimen improves the oral environment of NAFLD patients by increasing the diversity of the oral microflora and reducing the number of periodontal bacteria that produce LPS and its capability. MDPI 2021-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8036855/ /pubmed/33810609 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073470 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Uchida, Fumihiko
Oh, Sechang
Shida, Takashi
Suzuki, Hideo
Yamagata, Kenji
Mizokami, Yuji
Bukawa, Hiroki
Tanaka, Kiyoji
Shoda, Junichi
Effects of Exercise on the Oral Microbiota and Saliva of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title Effects of Exercise on the Oral Microbiota and Saliva of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_full Effects of Exercise on the Oral Microbiota and Saliva of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_fullStr Effects of Exercise on the Oral Microbiota and Saliva of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Exercise on the Oral Microbiota and Saliva of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_short Effects of Exercise on the Oral Microbiota and Saliva of Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_sort effects of exercise on the oral microbiota and saliva of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8036855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33810609
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073470
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