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Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana

Botswana has the third highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence globally, and the severity of the epidemic within the country varies considerably between the districts. This study aimed to identify clusters of HIV and associated factors among adults in Botswana. Data from the Botswana A...

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Autores principales: Solomon, Malebogo, Furuya-Kanamori, Luis, Wangdi, Kinley
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8037802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33806151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073424
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author Solomon, Malebogo
Furuya-Kanamori, Luis
Wangdi, Kinley
author_facet Solomon, Malebogo
Furuya-Kanamori, Luis
Wangdi, Kinley
author_sort Solomon, Malebogo
collection PubMed
description Botswana has the third highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence globally, and the severity of the epidemic within the country varies considerably between the districts. This study aimed to identify clusters of HIV and associated factors among adults in Botswana. Data from the Botswana Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Impact Survey IV (BIAS IV), a nationally representative household-based survey, were used for this study. Multivariable logistic regression and Kulldorf’s scan statistics were used to identify the risk factors and HIV clusters. Socio-demographic characteristics were compared within and outside the clusters. HIV prevalence among the study participants was 25.1% (95% CI 23.3–26.4). HIV infection was significantly higher among the female gender, those older than 24 years and those reporting the use of condoms, while tertiary education had a protective effect. Two significant HIV clusters were identified, one located between Selibe-Phikwe and Francistown and another in the Central Mahalapye district. Clusters had higher levels of unemployment, less people with tertiary education and more people residing in rural areas compared to regions outside the clusters. Our study identified high-risk populations and regions with a high burden of HIV infection in Botswana. This calls for focused innovative and cost-effective HIV interventions on these vulnerable populations and regions to curb the HIV epidemic in Botswana.
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spelling pubmed-80378022021-04-12 Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana Solomon, Malebogo Furuya-Kanamori, Luis Wangdi, Kinley Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Botswana has the third highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence globally, and the severity of the epidemic within the country varies considerably between the districts. This study aimed to identify clusters of HIV and associated factors among adults in Botswana. Data from the Botswana Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Impact Survey IV (BIAS IV), a nationally representative household-based survey, were used for this study. Multivariable logistic regression and Kulldorf’s scan statistics were used to identify the risk factors and HIV clusters. Socio-demographic characteristics were compared within and outside the clusters. HIV prevalence among the study participants was 25.1% (95% CI 23.3–26.4). HIV infection was significantly higher among the female gender, those older than 24 years and those reporting the use of condoms, while tertiary education had a protective effect. Two significant HIV clusters were identified, one located between Selibe-Phikwe and Francistown and another in the Central Mahalapye district. Clusters had higher levels of unemployment, less people with tertiary education and more people residing in rural areas compared to regions outside the clusters. Our study identified high-risk populations and regions with a high burden of HIV infection in Botswana. This calls for focused innovative and cost-effective HIV interventions on these vulnerable populations and regions to curb the HIV epidemic in Botswana. MDPI 2021-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8037802/ /pubmed/33806151 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073424 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Solomon, Malebogo
Furuya-Kanamori, Luis
Wangdi, Kinley
Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana
title Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana
title_full Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana
title_fullStr Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana
title_full_unstemmed Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana
title_short Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana
title_sort spatial analysis of hiv infection and associated risk factors in botswana
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8037802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33806151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073424
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