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Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana
Botswana has the third highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence globally, and the severity of the epidemic within the country varies considerably between the districts. This study aimed to identify clusters of HIV and associated factors among adults in Botswana. Data from the Botswana A...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8037802/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33806151 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073424 |
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author | Solomon, Malebogo Furuya-Kanamori, Luis Wangdi, Kinley |
author_facet | Solomon, Malebogo Furuya-Kanamori, Luis Wangdi, Kinley |
author_sort | Solomon, Malebogo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Botswana has the third highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence globally, and the severity of the epidemic within the country varies considerably between the districts. This study aimed to identify clusters of HIV and associated factors among adults in Botswana. Data from the Botswana Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Impact Survey IV (BIAS IV), a nationally representative household-based survey, were used for this study. Multivariable logistic regression and Kulldorf’s scan statistics were used to identify the risk factors and HIV clusters. Socio-demographic characteristics were compared within and outside the clusters. HIV prevalence among the study participants was 25.1% (95% CI 23.3–26.4). HIV infection was significantly higher among the female gender, those older than 24 years and those reporting the use of condoms, while tertiary education had a protective effect. Two significant HIV clusters were identified, one located between Selibe-Phikwe and Francistown and another in the Central Mahalapye district. Clusters had higher levels of unemployment, less people with tertiary education and more people residing in rural areas compared to regions outside the clusters. Our study identified high-risk populations and regions with a high burden of HIV infection in Botswana. This calls for focused innovative and cost-effective HIV interventions on these vulnerable populations and regions to curb the HIV epidemic in Botswana. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8037802 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80378022021-04-12 Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana Solomon, Malebogo Furuya-Kanamori, Luis Wangdi, Kinley Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Botswana has the third highest human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence globally, and the severity of the epidemic within the country varies considerably between the districts. This study aimed to identify clusters of HIV and associated factors among adults in Botswana. Data from the Botswana Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Impact Survey IV (BIAS IV), a nationally representative household-based survey, were used for this study. Multivariable logistic regression and Kulldorf’s scan statistics were used to identify the risk factors and HIV clusters. Socio-demographic characteristics were compared within and outside the clusters. HIV prevalence among the study participants was 25.1% (95% CI 23.3–26.4). HIV infection was significantly higher among the female gender, those older than 24 years and those reporting the use of condoms, while tertiary education had a protective effect. Two significant HIV clusters were identified, one located between Selibe-Phikwe and Francistown and another in the Central Mahalapye district. Clusters had higher levels of unemployment, less people with tertiary education and more people residing in rural areas compared to regions outside the clusters. Our study identified high-risk populations and regions with a high burden of HIV infection in Botswana. This calls for focused innovative and cost-effective HIV interventions on these vulnerable populations and regions to curb the HIV epidemic in Botswana. MDPI 2021-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8037802/ /pubmed/33806151 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073424 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ). |
spellingShingle | Article Solomon, Malebogo Furuya-Kanamori, Luis Wangdi, Kinley Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana |
title | Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana |
title_full | Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana |
title_fullStr | Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana |
title_full_unstemmed | Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana |
title_short | Spatial Analysis of HIV Infection and Associated Risk Factors in Botswana |
title_sort | spatial analysis of hiv infection and associated risk factors in botswana |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8037802/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33806151 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073424 |
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