Cargando…

Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development-Contemporary Experience and New Directions in Research

Atherosclerotic plaque is the pathophysiological basis of important and life-threatening diseases such as myocardial infarction. Although key aspects of the process of atherosclerotic plaque development and progression such as local inflammation, LDL oxidation, macrophage activation, and necrotic co...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kowara, Michal, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska, Agnieszka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8037897/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33805303
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073513
_version_ 1783677250876473344
author Kowara, Michal
Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska, Agnieszka
author_facet Kowara, Michal
Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska, Agnieszka
author_sort Kowara, Michal
collection PubMed
description Atherosclerotic plaque is the pathophysiological basis of important and life-threatening diseases such as myocardial infarction. Although key aspects of the process of atherosclerotic plaque development and progression such as local inflammation, LDL oxidation, macrophage activation, and necrotic core formation have already been discovered, many molecular mechanisms affecting this process are still to be revealed. This minireview aims to describe the current directions in research on atherogenesis and to summarize selected studies published in recent years—in particular, studies on novel cellular pathways, epigenetic regulations, the influence of hemodynamic parameters, as well as tissue and microorganism (microbiome) influence on atherosclerotic plaque development. Finally, some new and interesting ideas are proposed (immune cellular heterogeneity, non-coding RNAs, and immunometabolism) which will hopefully bring new discoveries in this area of investigation.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8037897
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-80378972021-04-12 Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development-Contemporary Experience and New Directions in Research Kowara, Michal Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska, Agnieszka Int J Mol Sci Review Atherosclerotic plaque is the pathophysiological basis of important and life-threatening diseases such as myocardial infarction. Although key aspects of the process of atherosclerotic plaque development and progression such as local inflammation, LDL oxidation, macrophage activation, and necrotic core formation have already been discovered, many molecular mechanisms affecting this process are still to be revealed. This minireview aims to describe the current directions in research on atherogenesis and to summarize selected studies published in recent years—in particular, studies on novel cellular pathways, epigenetic regulations, the influence of hemodynamic parameters, as well as tissue and microorganism (microbiome) influence on atherosclerotic plaque development. Finally, some new and interesting ideas are proposed (immune cellular heterogeneity, non-coding RNAs, and immunometabolism) which will hopefully bring new discoveries in this area of investigation. MDPI 2021-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8037897/ /pubmed/33805303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073513 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Review
Kowara, Michal
Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska, Agnieszka
Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development-Contemporary Experience and New Directions in Research
title Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development-Contemporary Experience and New Directions in Research
title_full Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development-Contemporary Experience and New Directions in Research
title_fullStr Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development-Contemporary Experience and New Directions in Research
title_full_unstemmed Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development-Contemporary Experience and New Directions in Research
title_short Pathophysiology of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development-Contemporary Experience and New Directions in Research
title_sort pathophysiology of atherosclerotic plaque development-contemporary experience and new directions in research
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8037897/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33805303
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073513
work_keys_str_mv AT kowaramichal pathophysiologyofatheroscleroticplaquedevelopmentcontemporaryexperienceandnewdirectionsinresearch
AT cudnochjedrzejewskaagnieszka pathophysiologyofatheroscleroticplaquedevelopmentcontemporaryexperienceandnewdirectionsinresearch