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The Impact of Immunization and Use of Oseltamivir on Influenza-Related Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Study

BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues into flu season, it is critical to minimize hospitalizations to maximize capacity and preserve critical care resources. We sought to identify risk factors for influenza-related hospitalization, specifically the role of immunization and oseltamivir presc...

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Autores principales: Athanassoglou, Vassilis, Wilson, Lauren A., Liu, Jiabin, Poeran, Jashvant, Zhong, Haoyan, Memtsoudis, Stavros G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8040380/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33829910
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501327211005906
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author Athanassoglou, Vassilis
Wilson, Lauren A.
Liu, Jiabin
Poeran, Jashvant
Zhong, Haoyan
Memtsoudis, Stavros G.
author_facet Athanassoglou, Vassilis
Wilson, Lauren A.
Liu, Jiabin
Poeran, Jashvant
Zhong, Haoyan
Memtsoudis, Stavros G.
author_sort Athanassoglou, Vassilis
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues into flu season, it is critical to minimize hospitalizations to maximize capacity and preserve critical care resources. We sought to identify risk factors for influenza-related hospitalization, specifically the role of immunization and oseltamivir prescriptions. METHODS: Patients with influenza diagnoses were identified from the MarketScan database (2014-2018). Primary risk factors of interest were an influenza vaccination within 6 months prior to infection and oseltamivir prescriptions (filled on the day diagnosis, the following day, or 2-5 days). A multivariable logistic regression model was run to identify risk factors for influenza-related hospitalizations within 30 days of diagnosis. RESULTS: Among 2 395 498 influenza infections, 0.27% were hospitalized. Of those prescribed oseltamivir the day of diagnosis, 0.13% were later hospitalized, compared to 0.67% among those who filled prescriptions the following day and 11.8% when filled within 2 to 5 days. Upon adjustment, oseltamivir prescriptions filled on the day of diagnosis were associated with significantly decreased odds of hospitalization (OR 0.51 CI 0.48-0.55). Prescriptions filled within 1 to 5 days of diagnosis were associated with significantly increased odds of hospitalization (1 day OR 2.01 CI 1.81-2.24; 2-5 days OR 34.1 CI 31.7-36.6). Flu vaccination was associated with a lower odds for hospitalization (OR 0.84 CI 0.74-0.95). CONCLUSIONS: We recommend oseltamivir be prescribed to patients when they first present with influenza-like symptoms to reduce the burden on the healthcare system. We also identified reduced odds of hospitalization associated with influenza vaccination, which is already well established, but particularly important this coming flu season.
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spelling pubmed-80403802021-04-21 The Impact of Immunization and Use of Oseltamivir on Influenza-Related Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Study Athanassoglou, Vassilis Wilson, Lauren A. Liu, Jiabin Poeran, Jashvant Zhong, Haoyan Memtsoudis, Stavros G. J Prim Care Community Health Original Research BACKGROUND: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues into flu season, it is critical to minimize hospitalizations to maximize capacity and preserve critical care resources. We sought to identify risk factors for influenza-related hospitalization, specifically the role of immunization and oseltamivir prescriptions. METHODS: Patients with influenza diagnoses were identified from the MarketScan database (2014-2018). Primary risk factors of interest were an influenza vaccination within 6 months prior to infection and oseltamivir prescriptions (filled on the day diagnosis, the following day, or 2-5 days). A multivariable logistic regression model was run to identify risk factors for influenza-related hospitalizations within 30 days of diagnosis. RESULTS: Among 2 395 498 influenza infections, 0.27% were hospitalized. Of those prescribed oseltamivir the day of diagnosis, 0.13% were later hospitalized, compared to 0.67% among those who filled prescriptions the following day and 11.8% when filled within 2 to 5 days. Upon adjustment, oseltamivir prescriptions filled on the day of diagnosis were associated with significantly decreased odds of hospitalization (OR 0.51 CI 0.48-0.55). Prescriptions filled within 1 to 5 days of diagnosis were associated with significantly increased odds of hospitalization (1 day OR 2.01 CI 1.81-2.24; 2-5 days OR 34.1 CI 31.7-36.6). Flu vaccination was associated with a lower odds for hospitalization (OR 0.84 CI 0.74-0.95). CONCLUSIONS: We recommend oseltamivir be prescribed to patients when they first present with influenza-like symptoms to reduce the burden on the healthcare system. We also identified reduced odds of hospitalization associated with influenza vaccination, which is already well established, but particularly important this coming flu season. SAGE Publications 2021-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8040380/ /pubmed/33829910 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501327211005906 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Research
Athanassoglou, Vassilis
Wilson, Lauren A.
Liu, Jiabin
Poeran, Jashvant
Zhong, Haoyan
Memtsoudis, Stavros G.
The Impact of Immunization and Use of Oseltamivir on Influenza-Related Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Study
title The Impact of Immunization and Use of Oseltamivir on Influenza-Related Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Study
title_full The Impact of Immunization and Use of Oseltamivir on Influenza-Related Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Study
title_fullStr The Impact of Immunization and Use of Oseltamivir on Influenza-Related Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Study
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Immunization and Use of Oseltamivir on Influenza-Related Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Study
title_short The Impact of Immunization and Use of Oseltamivir on Influenza-Related Hospitalizations: A Population-Based Study
title_sort impact of immunization and use of oseltamivir on influenza-related hospitalizations: a population-based study
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8040380/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33829910
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501327211005906
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