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Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Head and Neck Lesions from a Tertiary Health Facility in Southwestern Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is widely employed as an initial investigative tool in the diagnosis of various lesions in the body, however, it is limited in the provision of precise architectural detail of lesions. This is said to be responsible for the wide variation in the doc...

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Autores principales: Akinmoladun, Victor I., Gbolahan, Olalere Omoyosola, Aladelusi, Timothy O., Ogun, Gabriel O., Ajani, Mustapha A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8040946/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33888925
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/nmj.NMJ_65_20
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author Akinmoladun, Victor I.
Gbolahan, Olalere Omoyosola
Aladelusi, Timothy O.
Ogun, Gabriel O.
Ajani, Mustapha A.
author_facet Akinmoladun, Victor I.
Gbolahan, Olalere Omoyosola
Aladelusi, Timothy O.
Ogun, Gabriel O.
Ajani, Mustapha A.
author_sort Akinmoladun, Victor I.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is widely employed as an initial investigative tool in the diagnosis of various lesions in the body, however, it is limited in the provision of precise architectural detail of lesions. This is said to be responsible for the wide variation in the documented usefulness and accuracy relative to histopathology. This study aimed to correlate cytopathological and histopathological examination (HPE) of head and neck lesions, and assess the usefulness and accuracy of FNAC in our center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study that utilized historical data obtained from case notes and histopathology records of 91 patients that had both FNAC and HPE done for head and neck lesions in our center during the study. The FNAC results were correlated with that of the histopathological diagnosis to obtain the accuracy of the FNAC diagnosis. Diagnostic validity of FNAC in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value were also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 91 FNAC-HPE sample pairs were included. The Sensitivity and specificity for benign lesion was 95.4% and 42.3%, respectively, while for sensitivity and specificity for malignant lesion was 31.8% and 96.9%, respectively. The overall Sensitivity and specificity for cytology was 96.8% and 30.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: FNAC appears to be a useful tool in the initial assessment of head and neck lesions in our center, however, the high rate of missed diagnosis especially as concerned malignancies has dire negative treatment implications. There is need to develop capacity for improved skill in making cytopathologic diagnoses among anatomical pathologists involved in the use of FNAC as diagnostic and screening tool.
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spelling pubmed-80409462021-04-21 Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Head and Neck Lesions from a Tertiary Health Facility in Southwestern Nigeria Akinmoladun, Victor I. Gbolahan, Olalere Omoyosola Aladelusi, Timothy O. Ogun, Gabriel O. Ajani, Mustapha A. Niger Med J Original Article BACKGROUND: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is widely employed as an initial investigative tool in the diagnosis of various lesions in the body, however, it is limited in the provision of precise architectural detail of lesions. This is said to be responsible for the wide variation in the documented usefulness and accuracy relative to histopathology. This study aimed to correlate cytopathological and histopathological examination (HPE) of head and neck lesions, and assess the usefulness and accuracy of FNAC in our center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study that utilized historical data obtained from case notes and histopathology records of 91 patients that had both FNAC and HPE done for head and neck lesions in our center during the study. The FNAC results were correlated with that of the histopathological diagnosis to obtain the accuracy of the FNAC diagnosis. Diagnostic validity of FNAC in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value were also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 91 FNAC-HPE sample pairs were included. The Sensitivity and specificity for benign lesion was 95.4% and 42.3%, respectively, while for sensitivity and specificity for malignant lesion was 31.8% and 96.9%, respectively. The overall Sensitivity and specificity for cytology was 96.8% and 30.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: FNAC appears to be a useful tool in the initial assessment of head and neck lesions in our center, however, the high rate of missed diagnosis especially as concerned malignancies has dire negative treatment implications. There is need to develop capacity for improved skill in making cytopathologic diagnoses among anatomical pathologists involved in the use of FNAC as diagnostic and screening tool. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2020 2020-12-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8040946/ /pubmed/33888925 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/nmj.NMJ_65_20 Text en Copyright: © 2020 Nigerian Medical Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Original Article
Akinmoladun, Victor I.
Gbolahan, Olalere Omoyosola
Aladelusi, Timothy O.
Ogun, Gabriel O.
Ajani, Mustapha A.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Head and Neck Lesions from a Tertiary Health Facility in Southwestern Nigeria
title Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Head and Neck Lesions from a Tertiary Health Facility in Southwestern Nigeria
title_full Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Head and Neck Lesions from a Tertiary Health Facility in Southwestern Nigeria
title_fullStr Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Head and Neck Lesions from a Tertiary Health Facility in Southwestern Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Head and Neck Lesions from a Tertiary Health Facility in Southwestern Nigeria
title_short Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in Head and Neck Lesions from a Tertiary Health Facility in Southwestern Nigeria
title_sort diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology in head and neck lesions from a tertiary health facility in southwestern nigeria
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8040946/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33888925
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/nmj.NMJ_65_20
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