Cargando…

Non-invasive adapted N-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by COVID-19 patients: Implications in understanding SARS-CoV2 transmission

Infectious respiratory particles expelled by SARS-CoV-2 positive patients are attributed to be the key driver of COVID-19 transmission. Understanding how and by whom the virus is transmitted can help implement better disease control strategies. Here we have described the use of a noninvasive mask sa...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sriraman, Kalpana, Shaikh, Ambreen, Parikh, Swapneil, Udupa, Shreevatsa, Chatterjee, Nirjhar, Shastri, Jayanthi, Mistry, Nerges
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8041197/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33844696
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249525
_version_ 1783677897005858816
author Sriraman, Kalpana
Shaikh, Ambreen
Parikh, Swapneil
Udupa, Shreevatsa
Chatterjee, Nirjhar
Shastri, Jayanthi
Mistry, Nerges
author_facet Sriraman, Kalpana
Shaikh, Ambreen
Parikh, Swapneil
Udupa, Shreevatsa
Chatterjee, Nirjhar
Shastri, Jayanthi
Mistry, Nerges
author_sort Sriraman, Kalpana
collection PubMed
description Infectious respiratory particles expelled by SARS-CoV-2 positive patients are attributed to be the key driver of COVID-19 transmission. Understanding how and by whom the virus is transmitted can help implement better disease control strategies. Here we have described the use of a noninvasive mask sampling method to detect and quantify SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory particles expelled by COVID-19 patients and discussed its relationship to transmission risk. Respiratory particles of 31 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive patients and 31 asymptomatic healthy volunteers were captured on N-95 masks layered with a gelatin membrane in a 30-minute process that involved talking/reading, coughing, and tidal breathing. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was detected and quantified using rRT-PCR in the mask and in concomitantly collected nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples. The data were analyzed with respect to patient demographics and clinical presentation. Thirteen of 31(41.9%) patients showed SARS-COV-2 positivity in both the mask and NPS samples, while 16 patients were mask negative but NPS positive. Two patients were both mask and NPS negative. All healthy volunteers except one were mask and NPS negative. The mask positive patients had significantly lower NPS Ct value (26) compared to mask negative patients (30.5) and were more likely to be rapid antigen test positive. The mask positive patients could be further grouped into low emitters (expelling <100 viral copies) and high emitters (expelling >1000 viral copies). The study presents evidence for variation in emission of SARS-CoV-2 virus particles by COVID-19 patients reflecting differences in infectivity and transmission risk among individuals. The results conform to reported secondary infection rates and transmission and also suggest that mask sampling could be explored as an effective tool to assess individual transmission risks, at different time points and during different activities.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8041197
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-80411972021-04-20 Non-invasive adapted N-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by COVID-19 patients: Implications in understanding SARS-CoV2 transmission Sriraman, Kalpana Shaikh, Ambreen Parikh, Swapneil Udupa, Shreevatsa Chatterjee, Nirjhar Shastri, Jayanthi Mistry, Nerges PLoS One Research Article Infectious respiratory particles expelled by SARS-CoV-2 positive patients are attributed to be the key driver of COVID-19 transmission. Understanding how and by whom the virus is transmitted can help implement better disease control strategies. Here we have described the use of a noninvasive mask sampling method to detect and quantify SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory particles expelled by COVID-19 patients and discussed its relationship to transmission risk. Respiratory particles of 31 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive patients and 31 asymptomatic healthy volunteers were captured on N-95 masks layered with a gelatin membrane in a 30-minute process that involved talking/reading, coughing, and tidal breathing. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was detected and quantified using rRT-PCR in the mask and in concomitantly collected nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples. The data were analyzed with respect to patient demographics and clinical presentation. Thirteen of 31(41.9%) patients showed SARS-COV-2 positivity in both the mask and NPS samples, while 16 patients were mask negative but NPS positive. Two patients were both mask and NPS negative. All healthy volunteers except one were mask and NPS negative. The mask positive patients had significantly lower NPS Ct value (26) compared to mask negative patients (30.5) and were more likely to be rapid antigen test positive. The mask positive patients could be further grouped into low emitters (expelling <100 viral copies) and high emitters (expelling >1000 viral copies). The study presents evidence for variation in emission of SARS-CoV-2 virus particles by COVID-19 patients reflecting differences in infectivity and transmission risk among individuals. The results conform to reported secondary infection rates and transmission and also suggest that mask sampling could be explored as an effective tool to assess individual transmission risks, at different time points and during different activities. Public Library of Science 2021-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8041197/ /pubmed/33844696 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249525 Text en © 2021 Sriraman et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sriraman, Kalpana
Shaikh, Ambreen
Parikh, Swapneil
Udupa, Shreevatsa
Chatterjee, Nirjhar
Shastri, Jayanthi
Mistry, Nerges
Non-invasive adapted N-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by COVID-19 patients: Implications in understanding SARS-CoV2 transmission
title Non-invasive adapted N-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by COVID-19 patients: Implications in understanding SARS-CoV2 transmission
title_full Non-invasive adapted N-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by COVID-19 patients: Implications in understanding SARS-CoV2 transmission
title_fullStr Non-invasive adapted N-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by COVID-19 patients: Implications in understanding SARS-CoV2 transmission
title_full_unstemmed Non-invasive adapted N-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by COVID-19 patients: Implications in understanding SARS-CoV2 transmission
title_short Non-invasive adapted N-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by COVID-19 patients: Implications in understanding SARS-CoV2 transmission
title_sort non-invasive adapted n-95 mask sampling captures variation in viral particles expelled by covid-19 patients: implications in understanding sars-cov2 transmission
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8041197/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33844696
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249525
work_keys_str_mv AT sriramankalpana noninvasiveadaptedn95masksamplingcapturesvariationinviralparticlesexpelledbycovid19patientsimplicationsinunderstandingsarscov2transmission
AT shaikhambreen noninvasiveadaptedn95masksamplingcapturesvariationinviralparticlesexpelledbycovid19patientsimplicationsinunderstandingsarscov2transmission
AT parikhswapneil noninvasiveadaptedn95masksamplingcapturesvariationinviralparticlesexpelledbycovid19patientsimplicationsinunderstandingsarscov2transmission
AT udupashreevatsa noninvasiveadaptedn95masksamplingcapturesvariationinviralparticlesexpelledbycovid19patientsimplicationsinunderstandingsarscov2transmission
AT chatterjeenirjhar noninvasiveadaptedn95masksamplingcapturesvariationinviralparticlesexpelledbycovid19patientsimplicationsinunderstandingsarscov2transmission
AT shastrijayanthi noninvasiveadaptedn95masksamplingcapturesvariationinviralparticlesexpelledbycovid19patientsimplicationsinunderstandingsarscov2transmission
AT mistrynerges noninvasiveadaptedn95masksamplingcapturesvariationinviralparticlesexpelledbycovid19patientsimplicationsinunderstandingsarscov2transmission