Cargando…

Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particle Elemental Components and Natural and Cause-Specific Mortality—a Pooled Analysis of Eight European Cohorts within the ELAPSE Project

BACKGROUND: Inconsistent associations between long-term exposure to particles with an aerodynamic diameter [Formula: see text] [fine particulate matter ([Formula: see text])] components and mortality have been reported, partly related to challenges in exposure assessment. OBJECTIVES: We investigated...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chen, Jie, Rodopoulou, Sophia, de Hoogh, Kees, Strak, Maciej, Andersen, Zorana J., Atkinson, Richard, Bauwelinck, Mariska, Bellander, Tom, Brandt, Jørgen, Cesaroni, Giulia, Concin, Hans, Fecht, Daniela, Forastiere, Francesco, Gulliver, John, Hertel, Ole, Hoffmann, Barbara, Hvidtfeldt, Ulla Arthur, Janssen, Nicole A. H., Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Jørgensen, Jeanette, Katsouyanni, Klea, Ketzel, Matthias, Klompmaker, Jochem O., Lager, Anton, Leander, Karin, Liu, Shuo, Ljungman, Petter, MacDonald, Conor J., Magnusson, Patrik K.E., Mehta, Amar, Nagel, Gabriele, Oftedal, Bente, Pershagen, Göran, Peters, Annette, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Renzi, Matteo, Rizzuto, Debora, Samoli, Evangelia, van der Schouw, Yvonne T., Schramm, Sara, Schwarze, Per, Sigsgaard, Torben, Sørensen, Mette, Stafoggia, Massimo, Tjønneland, Anne, Vienneau, Danielle, Weinmayr, Gudrun, Wolf, Kathrin, Brunekreef, Bert, Hoek, Gerard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Environmental Health Perspectives 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8041432/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33844598
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP8368
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Inconsistent associations between long-term exposure to particles with an aerodynamic diameter [Formula: see text] [fine particulate matter ([Formula: see text])] components and mortality have been reported, partly related to challenges in exposure assessment. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the associations between long-term exposure to [Formula: see text] elemental components and mortality in a large pooled European cohort; to compare health effects of [Formula: see text] components estimated with two exposure modeling approaches, namely, supervised linear regression (SLR) and random forest (RF) algorithms. METHODS: We pooled data from eight European cohorts with 323,782 participants, average age 49 y at baseline (1985–2005). Residential exposure to 2010 annual average concentration of eight [Formula: see text] components [copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), nickel (Ni), sulfur (S), silicon (Si), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn)] was estimated with Europe-wide SLR and RF models at a [Formula: see text] scale. We applied Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the associations between components and natural and cause-specific mortality. In addition, two-pollutant analyses were conducted by adjusting each component for [Formula: see text] mass and nitrogen dioxide ([Formula: see text]) separately. RESULTS: We observed 46,640 natural-cause deaths with 6,317,235 person-years and an average follow-up of 19.5 y. All SLR-modeled components were statistically significantly associated with natural-cause mortality in single-pollutant models with hazard ratios (HRs) from 1.05 to 1.27. Similar HRs were observed for RF-modeled Cu, Fe, K, S, V, and Zn with wider confidence intervals (CIs). HRs for SLR-modeled Ni, S, Si, V, and Zn remained above unity and (almost) significant after adjustment for both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. HRs only remained (almost) significant for RF-modeled K and V in two-pollutant models. The HRs for V were 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.05) and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.10) for SLR- and RF-modeled exposures, respectively, per [Formula: see text] , adjusting for [Formula: see text] mass. Associations with cause-specific mortality were less consistent in two-pollutant models. CONCLUSION: Long-term exposure to V in [Formula: see text] was most consistently associated with increased mortality. Associations for the other components were weaker for exposure modeled with RF than SLR in two-pollutant models. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8368