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Farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens

Livestock farming is affected by the occurrence of infectious diseases, but outbreaks can be prevented by proper sanitary control measures. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)(2)), commonly called slaked lime, powder is traditionally used as a disinfectant to prevent infectious diseases in livestock. Since Ca...

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Autores principales: Matsuzaki, Shinji, Azuma, Kento, Lin, Xuguang, Kuragano, Masahiro, Uwai, Koji, Yamanaka, Shinya, Tokuraku, Kiyotaka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8041792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33846406
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86796-w
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author Matsuzaki, Shinji
Azuma, Kento
Lin, Xuguang
Kuragano, Masahiro
Uwai, Koji
Yamanaka, Shinya
Tokuraku, Kiyotaka
author_facet Matsuzaki, Shinji
Azuma, Kento
Lin, Xuguang
Kuragano, Masahiro
Uwai, Koji
Yamanaka, Shinya
Tokuraku, Kiyotaka
author_sort Matsuzaki, Shinji
collection PubMed
description Livestock farming is affected by the occurrence of infectious diseases, but outbreaks can be prevented by proper sanitary control measures. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)(2)), commonly called slaked lime, powder is traditionally used as a disinfectant to prevent infectious diseases in livestock. Since Ca(OH)(2) can inactivate a wide variety of pathogens, has a small environmental impact, does not require a disinfection tank (i.e., can be spread directly on the ground) and is produced inexpensively worldwide, it is used for the prevention of epidemics on farms worldwide. Water is essential for the strong alkalinity that underlies its disinfecting effect, but it is unknown how much water is required under field conditions. In addition, Ca(OH)(2) reacts with carbon dioxide in the environment, reducing its pH, but it is unclear how long its degradation takes under actual field use. Thus, we measured the water adsorption ability of Ca(OH)(2)-based disinfectants and its relation to disinfectant activity, as assessed by colony counts and live/dead staining and observation. We found that 15–20% (w/w) water in Ca(OH)(2) was necessary for disinfection to occur in practice. Moreover, we found that the pH of Ca(OH)(2) decreased within about two weeks to one month under actual use in practical conditions and lost its ability to disinfect. We further showed that granules prepared from Ca(OH)(2) and zeolite maintained high alkalinity more than twice as long as calcium powder. These findings will help to establish a suitable method of applying Ca(OH)(2) to protect farms from infectious diseases.
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spelling pubmed-80417922021-04-13 Farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens Matsuzaki, Shinji Azuma, Kento Lin, Xuguang Kuragano, Masahiro Uwai, Koji Yamanaka, Shinya Tokuraku, Kiyotaka Sci Rep Article Livestock farming is affected by the occurrence of infectious diseases, but outbreaks can be prevented by proper sanitary control measures. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)(2)), commonly called slaked lime, powder is traditionally used as a disinfectant to prevent infectious diseases in livestock. Since Ca(OH)(2) can inactivate a wide variety of pathogens, has a small environmental impact, does not require a disinfection tank (i.e., can be spread directly on the ground) and is produced inexpensively worldwide, it is used for the prevention of epidemics on farms worldwide. Water is essential for the strong alkalinity that underlies its disinfecting effect, but it is unknown how much water is required under field conditions. In addition, Ca(OH)(2) reacts with carbon dioxide in the environment, reducing its pH, but it is unclear how long its degradation takes under actual field use. Thus, we measured the water adsorption ability of Ca(OH)(2)-based disinfectants and its relation to disinfectant activity, as assessed by colony counts and live/dead staining and observation. We found that 15–20% (w/w) water in Ca(OH)(2) was necessary for disinfection to occur in practice. Moreover, we found that the pH of Ca(OH)(2) decreased within about two weeks to one month under actual use in practical conditions and lost its ability to disinfect. We further showed that granules prepared from Ca(OH)(2) and zeolite maintained high alkalinity more than twice as long as calcium powder. These findings will help to establish a suitable method of applying Ca(OH)(2) to protect farms from infectious diseases. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8041792/ /pubmed/33846406 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86796-w Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Matsuzaki, Shinji
Azuma, Kento
Lin, Xuguang
Kuragano, Masahiro
Uwai, Koji
Yamanaka, Shinya
Tokuraku, Kiyotaka
Farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens
title Farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens
title_full Farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens
title_fullStr Farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens
title_full_unstemmed Farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens
title_short Farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens
title_sort farm use of calcium hydroxide as an effective barrier against pathogens
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8041792/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33846406
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86796-w
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