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The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis
Phagocytes, which include neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, protect the body by removing foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Phagocytic integrins are greatly involved in the recognition of and adhesion to specific antigens on cells and pathogens during phago...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044391/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.633639 |
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author | Sun, Hao Zhi, Kangkang Hu, Liang Fan, Zhichao |
author_facet | Sun, Hao Zhi, Kangkang Hu, Liang Fan, Zhichao |
author_sort | Sun, Hao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Phagocytes, which include neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, protect the body by removing foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Phagocytic integrins are greatly involved in the recognition of and adhesion to specific antigens on cells and pathogens during phagocytosis as well as the recruitment of immune cells. β2 integrins, including αLβ2, αMβ2, αXβ2, and αDβ2, are the major integrins presented on the phagocyte surface. The activation of β2 integrins is essential to the recruitment and phagocytic function of these phagocytes and is critical for the regulation of inflammation and immune defense. However, aberrant activation of β2 integrins aggravates auto-immune diseases, such as psoriasis, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, and facilitates tumor metastasis, making them double-edged swords as candidates for therapeutic intervention. Therefore, precise regulation of phagocyte activities by targeting β2 integrins should promote their host defense functions with minimal side effects on other cells. Here, we reviewed advances in the regulatory mechanisms underlying β2 integrin inside-out signaling, as well as the roles of β2 integrin activation in phagocyte functions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8044391 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-80443912021-04-15 The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis Sun, Hao Zhi, Kangkang Hu, Liang Fan, Zhichao Front Immunol Immunology Phagocytes, which include neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, protect the body by removing foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Phagocytic integrins are greatly involved in the recognition of and adhesion to specific antigens on cells and pathogens during phagocytosis as well as the recruitment of immune cells. β2 integrins, including αLβ2, αMβ2, αXβ2, and αDβ2, are the major integrins presented on the phagocyte surface. The activation of β2 integrins is essential to the recruitment and phagocytic function of these phagocytes and is critical for the regulation of inflammation and immune defense. However, aberrant activation of β2 integrins aggravates auto-immune diseases, such as psoriasis, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, and facilitates tumor metastasis, making them double-edged swords as candidates for therapeutic intervention. Therefore, precise regulation of phagocyte activities by targeting β2 integrins should promote their host defense functions with minimal side effects on other cells. Here, we reviewed advances in the regulatory mechanisms underlying β2 integrin inside-out signaling, as well as the roles of β2 integrin activation in phagocyte functions. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8044391/ /pubmed/33868253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.633639 Text en Copyright © 2021 Sun, Zhi, Hu and Fan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Sun, Hao Zhi, Kangkang Hu, Liang Fan, Zhichao The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis |
title | The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis |
title_full | The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis |
title_fullStr | The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis |
title_full_unstemmed | The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis |
title_short | The Activation and Regulation of β2 Integrins in Phagocytes and Phagocytosis |
title_sort | activation and regulation of β2 integrins in phagocytes and phagocytosis |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044391/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868253 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.633639 |
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