Cargando…

Vigilance-Avoidance Toward Negative Faces in Social Anxiety With and Without Comorbid Depression

Despite the growing evidence for the attentional bias toward emotional related stimuli in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD), it remains unclear how the attentional bias manifests in normal individuals with SAD and/or depressive traits. To address this question, we recruited three groups of...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kishimoto, Tomoko, Wen, Xu, Li, Mingzhu, Zhang, Ru-Yuan, Yao, Nisha, Huang, Yunzhen, Qian, Mingyi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044761/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868053
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.636961
_version_ 1783678557166239744
author Kishimoto, Tomoko
Wen, Xu
Li, Mingzhu
Zhang, Ru-Yuan
Yao, Nisha
Huang, Yunzhen
Qian, Mingyi
author_facet Kishimoto, Tomoko
Wen, Xu
Li, Mingzhu
Zhang, Ru-Yuan
Yao, Nisha
Huang, Yunzhen
Qian, Mingyi
author_sort Kishimoto, Tomoko
collection PubMed
description Despite the growing evidence for the attentional bias toward emotional related stimuli in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD), it remains unclear how the attentional bias manifests in normal individuals with SAD and/or depressive traits. To address this question, we recruited three groups of normal participants with different psychiatric traits—individuals with comorbid SAD and depression (SADd, N = 19), individuals with only SAD (SAD, N = 15), and healthy control individuals (HC, N = 19). In a dot-probe paradigm, participants view angry, disgusted, and sad face stimuli with durations ranging from very brief (i.e., 14ms) that renders stimuli completely intangible, to relatively long (i.e., 2000ms) that guarantees image visibility. We find significant early vigilance (i.e., on brief stimuli) and later avoidance (i.e., on long stimuli) toward angry faces in the SADd group. We also find vigilance toward angry and disgusted faces in the SAD group. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to unify both vigilance and avoidance within the same experimental paradigm, providing direct evidence for the “vigilance-avoidance” theory of comorbid SAD and depression. In sum, these results provide evidence for the potential behavioral differences induced by anxiety-depression comorbidity and a single trait in non-clinical populations, but the lack of a depression-only group cannot reveal the effects of high levels of depression on the results. The limitations are discussed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8044761
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-80447612021-04-15 Vigilance-Avoidance Toward Negative Faces in Social Anxiety With and Without Comorbid Depression Kishimoto, Tomoko Wen, Xu Li, Mingzhu Zhang, Ru-Yuan Yao, Nisha Huang, Yunzhen Qian, Mingyi Front Psychiatry Psychiatry Despite the growing evidence for the attentional bias toward emotional related stimuli in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD), it remains unclear how the attentional bias manifests in normal individuals with SAD and/or depressive traits. To address this question, we recruited three groups of normal participants with different psychiatric traits—individuals with comorbid SAD and depression (SADd, N = 19), individuals with only SAD (SAD, N = 15), and healthy control individuals (HC, N = 19). In a dot-probe paradigm, participants view angry, disgusted, and sad face stimuli with durations ranging from very brief (i.e., 14ms) that renders stimuli completely intangible, to relatively long (i.e., 2000ms) that guarantees image visibility. We find significant early vigilance (i.e., on brief stimuli) and later avoidance (i.e., on long stimuli) toward angry faces in the SADd group. We also find vigilance toward angry and disgusted faces in the SAD group. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to unify both vigilance and avoidance within the same experimental paradigm, providing direct evidence for the “vigilance-avoidance” theory of comorbid SAD and depression. In sum, these results provide evidence for the potential behavioral differences induced by anxiety-depression comorbidity and a single trait in non-clinical populations, but the lack of a depression-only group cannot reveal the effects of high levels of depression on the results. The limitations are discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8044761/ /pubmed/33868053 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.636961 Text en Copyright © 2021 Kishimoto, Wen, Li, Zhang, Yao, Huang and Qian. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Kishimoto, Tomoko
Wen, Xu
Li, Mingzhu
Zhang, Ru-Yuan
Yao, Nisha
Huang, Yunzhen
Qian, Mingyi
Vigilance-Avoidance Toward Negative Faces in Social Anxiety With and Without Comorbid Depression
title Vigilance-Avoidance Toward Negative Faces in Social Anxiety With and Without Comorbid Depression
title_full Vigilance-Avoidance Toward Negative Faces in Social Anxiety With and Without Comorbid Depression
title_fullStr Vigilance-Avoidance Toward Negative Faces in Social Anxiety With and Without Comorbid Depression
title_full_unstemmed Vigilance-Avoidance Toward Negative Faces in Social Anxiety With and Without Comorbid Depression
title_short Vigilance-Avoidance Toward Negative Faces in Social Anxiety With and Without Comorbid Depression
title_sort vigilance-avoidance toward negative faces in social anxiety with and without comorbid depression
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044761/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33868053
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.636961
work_keys_str_mv AT kishimototomoko vigilanceavoidancetowardnegativefacesinsocialanxietywithandwithoutcomorbiddepression
AT wenxu vigilanceavoidancetowardnegativefacesinsocialanxietywithandwithoutcomorbiddepression
AT limingzhu vigilanceavoidancetowardnegativefacesinsocialanxietywithandwithoutcomorbiddepression
AT zhangruyuan vigilanceavoidancetowardnegativefacesinsocialanxietywithandwithoutcomorbiddepression
AT yaonisha vigilanceavoidancetowardnegativefacesinsocialanxietywithandwithoutcomorbiddepression
AT huangyunzhen vigilanceavoidancetowardnegativefacesinsocialanxietywithandwithoutcomorbiddepression
AT qianmingyi vigilanceavoidancetowardnegativefacesinsocialanxietywithandwithoutcomorbiddepression