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Group Refractive Index of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Transparent Cranial Implants

Transparent “Window to the Brain” (WttB) cranial implants made from a biocompatible ceramic, nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (nc-YSZ), were recently reported. These reports demonstrated chronic brain imaging across the implants in mice using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and laser sp...

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Autores principales: Halaney, David L., Katta, Nitesh, Fallah, Hamidreza, Aguilar, Guillermo, Milner, Thomas E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044953/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33869149
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.619686
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author Halaney, David L.
Katta, Nitesh
Fallah, Hamidreza
Aguilar, Guillermo
Milner, Thomas E.
author_facet Halaney, David L.
Katta, Nitesh
Fallah, Hamidreza
Aguilar, Guillermo
Milner, Thomas E.
author_sort Halaney, David L.
collection PubMed
description Transparent “Window to the Brain” (WttB) cranial implants made from a biocompatible ceramic, nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (nc-YSZ), were recently reported. These reports demonstrated chronic brain imaging across the implants in mice using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and laser speckle imaging. However, optical properties of these transparent cranial implants are neither completely characterized nor completely understood. In this study, we measure optical properties of the implant using a swept source OCT system with a spectral range of 136 nm centered at 1,300 nm to characterize the group refractive index of the nc-YSZ window, over a narrow range of temperatures at which the implant may be used during imaging or therapy (20–43°C). Group refractive index was found to be 2.1–2.2 for OCT imaging over this temperature range. Chromatic dispersion for this spectral range was observed to vary over the sample, sometimes flipping signs between normal and anomalous dispersion. These properties of nc-YSZ should be considered when designing optical systems and procedures that propagate light through the window, and when interpreting OCT brain images acquired across the window.
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spelling pubmed-80449532021-04-15 Group Refractive Index of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Transparent Cranial Implants Halaney, David L. Katta, Nitesh Fallah, Hamidreza Aguilar, Guillermo Milner, Thomas E. Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Transparent “Window to the Brain” (WttB) cranial implants made from a biocompatible ceramic, nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (nc-YSZ), were recently reported. These reports demonstrated chronic brain imaging across the implants in mice using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and laser speckle imaging. However, optical properties of these transparent cranial implants are neither completely characterized nor completely understood. In this study, we measure optical properties of the implant using a swept source OCT system with a spectral range of 136 nm centered at 1,300 nm to characterize the group refractive index of the nc-YSZ window, over a narrow range of temperatures at which the implant may be used during imaging or therapy (20–43°C). Group refractive index was found to be 2.1–2.2 for OCT imaging over this temperature range. Chromatic dispersion for this spectral range was observed to vary over the sample, sometimes flipping signs between normal and anomalous dispersion. These properties of nc-YSZ should be considered when designing optical systems and procedures that propagate light through the window, and when interpreting OCT brain images acquired across the window. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-03-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8044953/ /pubmed/33869149 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.619686 Text en Copyright © 2021 Halaney, Katta, Fallah, Aguilar and Milner. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Halaney, David L.
Katta, Nitesh
Fallah, Hamidreza
Aguilar, Guillermo
Milner, Thomas E.
Group Refractive Index of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Transparent Cranial Implants
title Group Refractive Index of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Transparent Cranial Implants
title_full Group Refractive Index of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Transparent Cranial Implants
title_fullStr Group Refractive Index of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Transparent Cranial Implants
title_full_unstemmed Group Refractive Index of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Transparent Cranial Implants
title_short Group Refractive Index of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Transparent Cranial Implants
title_sort group refractive index of nanocrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia transparent cranial implants
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8044953/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33869149
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.619686
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