Features, barriers, and influencing factors of mobile learning in higher education: A systematic review

Mobile devices are not only a tool for communication, but also a powerful instrument for the economy, mass communication, and learning. Because the use of mobile devices and the Internet is growing rapidly, these tools are increasingly being utilized in learning and instruction. It is therefore important to investigate how mobile devices can be applied in learning. This article focuses on analyzing the features of mobile learning as well as the barriers and influencing factors of using mobile devices in learning. It pays particular attention to clarifying the factors, techniques, and strategies that enhance learners' experiences in using mobile devices. It reports a systematic review that examined studies published in 2006–2018 containing the keywords “mobile learning” “m-learning”, “undergraduate students” and/or “higher education.” The results of the review indicated mobile devices can be used as learning tools for tasks such as submitting homework, reflecting on immediate learning experiences, and sharing ideas. Instructors should consider three main components in mobile learning: learners' and instructors’ readiness, learning management and supporting systems.