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Effects of Remote Immune Activation on Performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence

In adult pre-clinical models, traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been shown to prime microglia, exaggerating the central inflammatory response to an acute immune challenge, worsening depressive-like behavior, and enhancing cognitive deficits. Whether this phenomenon exists following mTBI during adoles...

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Autores principales: Kaukas, Lola, Krieg, Justin, Collins-Praino, Lyndsey, Corrigan, Frances
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8046921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33867953
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.659679
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author Kaukas, Lola
Krieg, Justin
Collins-Praino, Lyndsey
Corrigan, Frances
author_facet Kaukas, Lola
Krieg, Justin
Collins-Praino, Lyndsey
Corrigan, Frances
author_sort Kaukas, Lola
collection PubMed
description In adult pre-clinical models, traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been shown to prime microglia, exaggerating the central inflammatory response to an acute immune challenge, worsening depressive-like behavior, and enhancing cognitive deficits. Whether this phenomenon exists following mTBI during adolescence has yet to be explored, with age at injury potentially altering the inflammatory response. Furthermore, to date, studies have predominantly examined hippocampal-dependent learning domains, although pre-frontal cortex-driven functions, including attention, motivation, and impulsivity, are significantly affected by both adolescent TBI and acute inflammatory stimuli. As such, the current study examined the effects of a single acute peripheral dose of LPS (0.33 mg/kg) given in adulthood following mTBI in mid-adolescence in male Sprague–Dawley rats on performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT). Only previously injured animals given LPS showed an increase in omissions and reward collection latency on the 5-CSRTT, with no effect noted in sham animals given LPS. This is suggestive of impaired motivation and a prolonged central inflammatory response to LPS administration in these animals. Indeed, morphological analysis of myeloid cells within the pre-frontal cortex, via IBA1 immunohistochemistry, found that injured animals administered LPS had an increase in complexity in IBA1+ve cells, an effect that was seen to a lesser extent in sham animals. These findings suggest that there may be ongoing alterations in the effects of acute inflammatory stimuli that are driven, in part by increased reactivity of microglial cells.
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spelling pubmed-80469212021-04-16 Effects of Remote Immune Activation on Performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence Kaukas, Lola Krieg, Justin Collins-Praino, Lyndsey Corrigan, Frances Front Behav Neurosci Behavioral Neuroscience In adult pre-clinical models, traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been shown to prime microglia, exaggerating the central inflammatory response to an acute immune challenge, worsening depressive-like behavior, and enhancing cognitive deficits. Whether this phenomenon exists following mTBI during adolescence has yet to be explored, with age at injury potentially altering the inflammatory response. Furthermore, to date, studies have predominantly examined hippocampal-dependent learning domains, although pre-frontal cortex-driven functions, including attention, motivation, and impulsivity, are significantly affected by both adolescent TBI and acute inflammatory stimuli. As such, the current study examined the effects of a single acute peripheral dose of LPS (0.33 mg/kg) given in adulthood following mTBI in mid-adolescence in male Sprague–Dawley rats on performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT). Only previously injured animals given LPS showed an increase in omissions and reward collection latency on the 5-CSRTT, with no effect noted in sham animals given LPS. This is suggestive of impaired motivation and a prolonged central inflammatory response to LPS administration in these animals. Indeed, morphological analysis of myeloid cells within the pre-frontal cortex, via IBA1 immunohistochemistry, found that injured animals administered LPS had an increase in complexity in IBA1+ve cells, an effect that was seen to a lesser extent in sham animals. These findings suggest that there may be ongoing alterations in the effects of acute inflammatory stimuli that are driven, in part by increased reactivity of microglial cells. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8046921/ /pubmed/33867953 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.659679 Text en Copyright © 2021 Kaukas, Krieg, Collins-Praino and Corrigan. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Behavioral Neuroscience
Kaukas, Lola
Krieg, Justin
Collins-Praino, Lyndsey
Corrigan, Frances
Effects of Remote Immune Activation on Performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence
title Effects of Remote Immune Activation on Performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence
title_full Effects of Remote Immune Activation on Performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence
title_fullStr Effects of Remote Immune Activation on Performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Remote Immune Activation on Performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence
title_short Effects of Remote Immune Activation on Performance in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescence
title_sort effects of remote immune activation on performance in the 5-choice serial reaction time task following mild traumatic brain injury in adolescence
topic Behavioral Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8046921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33867953
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.659679
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