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Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR‐Observed Surface Deformation

Surface deformation in California's Central Valley (CV) has long been linked to changes in groundwater storage. Recent advances in remote sensing have enabled the mapping of CV deformation and associated changes in groundwater resources at increasingly higher spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we...

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Autores principales: Neely, Wesley R., Borsa, Adrian A., Burney, Jennifer A., Levy, Morgan C., Silverii, Francesca, Sneed, Michelle
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047915/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33867591
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028451
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author Neely, Wesley R.
Borsa, Adrian A.
Burney, Jennifer A.
Levy, Morgan C.
Silverii, Francesca
Sneed, Michelle
author_facet Neely, Wesley R.
Borsa, Adrian A.
Burney, Jennifer A.
Levy, Morgan C.
Silverii, Francesca
Sneed, Michelle
author_sort Neely, Wesley R.
collection PubMed
description Surface deformation in California's Central Valley (CV) has long been linked to changes in groundwater storage. Recent advances in remote sensing have enabled the mapping of CV deformation and associated changes in groundwater resources at increasingly higher spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we use interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) from the Sentinel‐1 missions, augmented by continuous Global Positioning System (cGPS) positioning, to characterize the surface deformation of the San Joaquin Valley (SJV, southern two‐thirds of the CV) for consecutive dry (2016) and wet (2017) water years. We separate trends and seasonal oscillations in deformation time series and interpret them in the context of surface and groundwater hydrology. We find that subsidence rates in 2016 (mean −42.0 mm/yr; peak −345 mm/yr) are twice that in 2017 (mean −20.4 mm/yr; peak −177 mm/yr), consistent with increased groundwater pumping in 2016 to offset the loss of surface‐water deliveries. Locations of greatest subsidence migrated outwards from the valley axis in the wetter 2017 water year, possibly reflecting a surplus of surface‐water supplies in the lowest portions of the SJV. Patterns in the amplitude of seasonal deformation and the timing of peak seasonal uplift reveal entry points and potential pathways for groundwater recharge into the SJV and subsequent groundwater flow within the aquifer. This study provides novel insight into the SJV aquifer system that can be used to constrain groundwater flow and subsidence models, which has relevance to groundwater management in the context of California's 2014 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA).
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spelling pubmed-80479152021-04-16 Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR‐Observed Surface Deformation Neely, Wesley R. Borsa, Adrian A. Burney, Jennifer A. Levy, Morgan C. Silverii, Francesca Sneed, Michelle Water Resour Res Research Article Surface deformation in California's Central Valley (CV) has long been linked to changes in groundwater storage. Recent advances in remote sensing have enabled the mapping of CV deformation and associated changes in groundwater resources at increasingly higher spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we use interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) from the Sentinel‐1 missions, augmented by continuous Global Positioning System (cGPS) positioning, to characterize the surface deformation of the San Joaquin Valley (SJV, southern two‐thirds of the CV) for consecutive dry (2016) and wet (2017) water years. We separate trends and seasonal oscillations in deformation time series and interpret them in the context of surface and groundwater hydrology. We find that subsidence rates in 2016 (mean −42.0 mm/yr; peak −345 mm/yr) are twice that in 2017 (mean −20.4 mm/yr; peak −177 mm/yr), consistent with increased groundwater pumping in 2016 to offset the loss of surface‐water deliveries. Locations of greatest subsidence migrated outwards from the valley axis in the wetter 2017 water year, possibly reflecting a surplus of surface‐water supplies in the lowest portions of the SJV. Patterns in the amplitude of seasonal deformation and the timing of peak seasonal uplift reveal entry points and potential pathways for groundwater recharge into the SJV and subsequent groundwater flow within the aquifer. This study provides novel insight into the SJV aquifer system that can be used to constrain groundwater flow and subsidence models, which has relevance to groundwater management in the context of California's 2014 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA). John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-04-07 2021-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8047915/ /pubmed/33867591 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028451 Text en © 2021. The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Research Article
Neely, Wesley R.
Borsa, Adrian A.
Burney, Jennifer A.
Levy, Morgan C.
Silverii, Francesca
Sneed, Michelle
Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR‐Observed Surface Deformation
title Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR‐Observed Surface Deformation
title_full Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR‐Observed Surface Deformation
title_fullStr Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR‐Observed Surface Deformation
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR‐Observed Surface Deformation
title_short Characterization of Groundwater Recharge and Flow in California's San Joaquin Valley From InSAR‐Observed Surface Deformation
title_sort characterization of groundwater recharge and flow in california's san joaquin valley from insar‐observed surface deformation
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047915/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33867591
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028451
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