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Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions

BACKGROUND: Health and growth of pigs are affected by the hygiene of housing. Lower growth performance observed in poor hygiene of housing conditions is explained by reduced feed intake and metabolic changes caused by the activation of body defences. In a previous experiment, we reported contrasted...

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Autores principales: Le Floc’h, N., Gondret, F., Resmond, R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8048059/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33858408
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02872-3
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author Le Floc’h, N.
Gondret, F.
Resmond, R.
author_facet Le Floc’h, N.
Gondret, F.
Resmond, R.
author_sort Le Floc’h, N.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Health and growth of pigs are affected by the hygiene of housing. Lower growth performance observed in poor hygiene of housing conditions is explained by reduced feed intake and metabolic changes caused by the activation of body defences. In a previous experiment, we reported contrasted average values of body weight gain, concentrations of circulating metabolites, redox and immune indicators in blood of pigs housed in good or poor hygiene conditions during the growing period. This study addressed inter-individual variability in these responses to determine whether a particular blood profile explains average daily gain (ADG) of the pig. RESULTS: The data originated from 160 growing pigs, half of which subjected to a hygiene challenge for 6 weeks (W0 to W6) and the others housed in good hygiene conditions. Pigs originated from two lines divergently selected for residual feed intake (RFI). Individual body weights were recorded during this period, and relative ADG (rADG(W0-W6)) was calculated as the ADG corrected by the initial body weight measured at W0. Blood samples were taken before (W0) and 3 weeks (W3) after the beginning of the challenge. The analysed dataset consisted of 51 metabolites and indicators of immune and inflammatory responses measured on 136 pigs having no missing value for any variables, when calculated as the differences W3 minus W0 in circulating concentrations. An algorithm tested all possible linear regression models and then selected the best ones to explain rADG(W0-W6). Six variables were identified across the best models and correlated with rADG(W0-W6) with a goodness of fit (adjusted R(2)) of about 67%. They were changes in haptoglobin, global antioxidant capacity of plasma (Biological Antioxidant Power or BAP), free fatty acids, and 3 amino acids: leucine, tryptophan, and 1-methylhistidine. The effects of housing conditions and RFI lines were comprised in the variables of the selected models and none of these conditions improved accuracy of the predictive models, leading to genericity of the pinpointed metabolic changes in relation to variability of ADG. CONCLUSIONS: This approach allows us to identify blood variables, whose changes in blood concentrations correlated to ADG under contrasted sanitary conditions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-02872-3.
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spelling pubmed-80480592021-04-15 Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions Le Floc’h, N. Gondret, F. Resmond, R. BMC Vet Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Health and growth of pigs are affected by the hygiene of housing. Lower growth performance observed in poor hygiene of housing conditions is explained by reduced feed intake and metabolic changes caused by the activation of body defences. In a previous experiment, we reported contrasted average values of body weight gain, concentrations of circulating metabolites, redox and immune indicators in blood of pigs housed in good or poor hygiene conditions during the growing period. This study addressed inter-individual variability in these responses to determine whether a particular blood profile explains average daily gain (ADG) of the pig. RESULTS: The data originated from 160 growing pigs, half of which subjected to a hygiene challenge for 6 weeks (W0 to W6) and the others housed in good hygiene conditions. Pigs originated from two lines divergently selected for residual feed intake (RFI). Individual body weights were recorded during this period, and relative ADG (rADG(W0-W6)) was calculated as the ADG corrected by the initial body weight measured at W0. Blood samples were taken before (W0) and 3 weeks (W3) after the beginning of the challenge. The analysed dataset consisted of 51 metabolites and indicators of immune and inflammatory responses measured on 136 pigs having no missing value for any variables, when calculated as the differences W3 minus W0 in circulating concentrations. An algorithm tested all possible linear regression models and then selected the best ones to explain rADG(W0-W6). Six variables were identified across the best models and correlated with rADG(W0-W6) with a goodness of fit (adjusted R(2)) of about 67%. They were changes in haptoglobin, global antioxidant capacity of plasma (Biological Antioxidant Power or BAP), free fatty acids, and 3 amino acids: leucine, tryptophan, and 1-methylhistidine. The effects of housing conditions and RFI lines were comprised in the variables of the selected models and none of these conditions improved accuracy of the predictive models, leading to genericity of the pinpointed metabolic changes in relation to variability of ADG. CONCLUSIONS: This approach allows us to identify blood variables, whose changes in blood concentrations correlated to ADG under contrasted sanitary conditions. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-02872-3. BioMed Central 2021-04-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8048059/ /pubmed/33858408 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02872-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Le Floc’h, N.
Gondret, F.
Resmond, R.
Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions
title Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions
title_full Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions
title_fullStr Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions
title_full_unstemmed Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions
title_short Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions
title_sort identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8048059/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33858408
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-021-02872-3
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