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Defective insulin receptor signaling in hPSCs skews pluripotency and negatively perturbs neural differentiation

Human embryonic stem cells are a type of pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that are used to investigate their differentiation into diverse mature cell types for molecular studies. The mechanisms underlying insulin receptor (IR)-mediated signaling in the maintenance of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Teo, Adrian Kee Keong, Nguyen, Linh, Gupta, Manoj K., Lau, Hwee Hui, Loo, Larry Sai Weng, Jackson, Nicholas, Lim, Chang Siang, Mallard, William, Gritsenko, Marina A., Rinn, John L., Smith, Richard D., Qian, Wei-Jun, Kulkarni, Rohit N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8050001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33667549
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100495
Descripción
Sumario:Human embryonic stem cells are a type of pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that are used to investigate their differentiation into diverse mature cell types for molecular studies. The mechanisms underlying insulin receptor (IR)-mediated signaling in the maintenance of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) identity and cell fate specification are not fully understood. Here, we used two independent shRNAs to stably knock down IRs in two hPSC lines that represent pluripotent stem cells and explored the consequences on expression of key proteins in pathways linked to proliferation and differentiation. We consistently observed lowered pAKT in contrast to increased pERK1/2 and a concordant elevation in pluripotency gene expression. ERK2 chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase assays, and ERK1/2 inhibitors established direct causality between ERK1/2 and OCT4 expression. Of importance, RNA sequencing analyses indicated a dysregulation of genes involved in cell differentiation and organismal development. Mass spectrometry–based proteomic analyses further confirmed a global downregulation of extracellular matrix proteins. Subsequent differentiation toward the neural lineage reflected alterations in SOX1(+)PAX6(+) neuroectoderm and FOXG1(+) cortical neuron marker expression and protein localization. Collectively, our data underscore the role of IR-mediated signaling in maintaining pluripotency, the extracellular matrix necessary for the stem cell niche, and regulating cell fate specification including the neural lineage.