Histological evaluation of two different anorganic bovine bone matrixes in lateral wall sinus elevation procedure: A retrospective study

INTRODUCTION: Grafting in oral implantology involves bone augmentation procedures with various bone graft materials. Success of such procedures is evaluated through the amount of bone volume and bone formed at the grafted site. The primary aim of this prospective study was to histomorphometrically evaluate and compare the new bone formation with Bio Oss or Cerabone in the lateral approach sinus augmentation procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research targeted 22 patients who were either partially or completely edentulous posterior maxilla with residual alveolar height 3 mm at the site of implantation and underwent a two staged surgical protocol, with a lateral approach sinus grafting with either Bio Oss or Cerabone. Bone trephine biopsies for histological analysis were harvested 6 months after augmentation while preparing the osteotomies for implant placement trephine. The histologic evaluation was performed comparing the newly formed bone, marrow spaces, biomaterial particles remnants, and presence of osteocytes embedded in both trabecular bone and bone tissue near the anorganic bovine bone. RESULTS: The present study showed that neither of the graft material showed any active osteoclasts and host inflammatory reaction. From sites grafted with Cerabone, an ample amount of mature lamellated bone formation was seen, also host inflammatory response was indicative of minimal reactive inflammatory response suggestive of good acceptability of the graft material by the host. No significant differences between the groups could be detected with regard to new bone formation and residual bone substitute. CONCLUSION: The results of the study illustrates that both the bone substitute materials allow predictable new bone formation in sinus augmentation procedures.